Schisandrin

Scha 1659 binedaline. schisandrin schizandrin. schisandrol A schizandrin. schizandrin (wuwelzichun A wuweizi alcohol A schisandrin schisandrol A schizandrol A) is a benzocyclooctenol and a constituent of Schizandra cbinemis. It is a microsomal cytochrome P 450 inducer, hepato-protective, ANTIOXIDANT FREE-RADICAL SCAVENGER. 

Schisandrin has extensive inhibitory effects on the CNS, which is characteristic of neuroleptic drugs [240], and isoamericanol A, americanol A and americanin A enhanced choline acetyltransferase activity at 10 5 M in a cultured neuronal cell system derived from fetal rat hemisphere [309],... 

The compounds schisandrol A and B and schisandrin B and C increased pentobarbital- and barbital-induced sleeping time in mice (Bao et al. 1980 Liu 1991). 

A study on different compounds isolated from schisandra berry indicated that the compound gomisin C is a mechanism-based inhibitor that competitively inhibits and irreversibly inactivates CYP3A4 with inhibitory effects greater than those of the drug ketoconazole (Iwata et al. 2004). The compounds schisandrin A and B and schisan-therin A inhibited P-glycoprotein (Pan et al. 2006 Qiangrong et al. 2005). 

The LD50 of the compound schizandrol B in mice is 878 mg/kg after oral administration and 855 mg/kg after subcutaneous administration (Hansel et al. 1994). In mice orally administered compounds isolated from schisandra, no deaths occurred after administration of 2 g/kg of schisan-drins A, B, and C, 2 g/kg schisandrer A, 0.5 g/kg schizandrol A, or 0.25 g/kg of schizandrol B or schisandrer B (Bao et al. 1980). Another study indicated that mice died 7 days after oral administration of 2 g/kg of schisandrins A and C (Hansel et al. 1994). 

No adverse effects were observed after oral administration of the compound schisandrin B for 30 days in mice at a dose of 200 mg/kg daily, or in dogs at a dose of 10 mg/kg daily (Chang and But 1986). 

Ko, K.M., M.K.T. Poon, S.P. Ip, K. Wu, and R. Ko. 2002. Protection against carbon tetrachloride liver toxicity by enantiomers of schisandrin B associated with differential changes in hepatic glutathione antioxidant system in mice. Pharm. Biol. 40(4) 298-301. 

He et al. [401] extracted six lignans (schisandrin, schisanhenol, deoxy- and (y-schisandrin, schisantherin A and B) fi om Schisandra chinensis and analyzed them on a C,g column (A = 225 nm) using a 15-min 60/40-> 100/0 methanol/water gradient. Baseline resolution was achieved, except for schisantherin A and B. Nine additional peaks were tentatively identified by positive ion electrospray MS. Reference standards were run at 150 pg/mL and were readily detected. 

Schisanrenol Schisandrone Schisandiol Schisandrin Schisandra chinensis Baill. 

Gottlieb H E, Mervic M, Ghera E, Frolow F 1982 Conformational study of dibenzocyclo-octa-diene systems related to the schisandrin-type lignans. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans I 2353-2358... 

The four reference standards (schisandrol A, schisandrol B, schisandrin A and schisandrin B) used in this analysis were purified from a Schisandra fhiit extract using column chromatography on silica gel, reverse phase silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, and they structures were validated by NMR and MS spectra. 

Figure 2. Representative HPLC chromatogram o/Schisandra chinensis fruit (Peak A, schisandrol A Peak B, schisandrol B Peak C, schisandrin A and Peak D, Schisandrin B identified by comparison with authentic reference standards)...

Figure 3. Representative TIC o/Schisandra chinensis fruit (11.6 min, schisandrol A 13.7 min schisandrol B 16.5 min, angeloylgomisin H 32.6 min, schisandrin A 35.6 min, gomisin N and 35.4 schisandrin B, respectively).

---