Scheme - 1 Polyaniline Synthesis

At room temperature, polyaniline nanofibres are synthesised using interfacial polymerisation between 1 M HCl in water (25 ml) containing ammonium persulfate and xylene (25 ml) containing aniline. The molar ratio of aniline to ammonium persulfate is kept at 4 1. Upon polymerization, xylene containing unreacted aniline is removed from the top and replaced with an equal volume of xylene. 

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Recently developed catalyst systems make it possible to construct carbon (.v/>2 )-catbon (sp3) bonds and carbon-nitrogen bonds under mild conditions (Scheme 9.14).19,20 These new developments have also been incorporated into step-growth polymerization. Kanbara et al. reported the synthesis of polyanilines and related polymers in 1996 (Scheme 9.15).21 Wang and Wu reported the synthesis of polyketones in 1999 (Scheme 9.16).22... 

Polyaniline-supported Co(II) catalyst 41 was used to catalyze the epoxidation of various alkenes under oxygen atmosphere at ambient temperature.61 63 One report61 described a synthesis of a-hydroxy- 3-aminopyrrolidine amides as potential HIV protease inhibitors (Scheme 1). In this synthesis, catalyst 41 also mediated epoxide ring opening of the epoxide intermediate by an aniline to afford the desired product. 

Scheme 1. (Left) Synthesis of Polyaniline by Electropolymerization in the Presence of an Optically Active Acid and (Right) Structure of Oxazoline-Containing Polythiophene 29...

Organic nanocomposite dispersions of PANI-SWNT are prepared by in situ synthesis of polyaniline as shown in Scheme - 3. Ammonium persulfate is added to aqueous phase and aniline in xylene is added from the top. After rigorous stirring, the system is then left idle, during which phase inversion occurs. No traces of SWNT were observed in the aqueous phase. The nanocomposite dispersion is then taken from the top and washed with excess amount of xylene. The filtered material is then dried imder dynamic vacuum at 60 °C for more than 24 hours. 

Buchwald s biarylphosphines also have found wide application in the synthesis of materials. Ward and Meyer [119] obtained the copolymer 56 by Pd-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling of 57 and 58 employing JohnPhos (36) as a ligand (Scheme 13.71). The obtained copolymer 56 revealed electrochemical properties comparable to those of polyaniline. 

Scheme 13.71 The Hartwig-Buchwald amination for the synthesis of polyaniline derivatives [119],...

Gebert et al. [52] have reported a synthesis of polyaniline using Schiff base chemistry. The reactions involve the condensation of para phenylene diamine with p-benzoquinone and can be written as (Scheme 12.9). The obtained polymer has a conductivity of 4 X 10 S m . ... 

Scheme 3.13 Synthesis of a self-doped conducting polyaniline, PMAP...

Scheme 3.29 Synthesis of poiyaniiine/Pd NPs by reduction of polyaniline/Pd(lI) complex with NaBH4...

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