Schaffer’s acid

Schaffer s acid, CioHg04S. 2-hydroxy-7-naphthalene sulphonic acid. Obtained by sulphonating 2-naphthol with a small amount of sulphuric acid at a higher temperature than is used for the preparation of crocein acid. A valuable dyestuff intermediate. 

Naphthols and Naphtholsulfonic Acids as Coupling Components. This series includes two important acid dyes with very similar structures C.I. Acid Red 88 (see Section 3.9.3), derived from diazotized naphthionic acid and 2-naphthol, and C.I. Acid Red 13, 16045 [2302-96-7] (2), from naphthionic acid and Schaffer s acid. Both are all-purpose dyes which, because of their attractive red shades, are still in use today in many areas of textile dyeing and also for leather and paper dyes. Wool dyeings produced with these dyes exhibit moderate fastness levels. 

The sodium salt of Schaffer s acid (14 1 grams), containing 2 mols. of water of crystallisation, is dissolved in 100 c.c. of hot water and a solution of 16 grams of mercuric acetate in 100 c.c. of hot water added. The compound soon separates out, and is only slightly soluble in water, but readily in dilute acetic acid or sodium hydroxide. It has similar properties to the derivative from l-naphthol-4-sulphonie acid. 

Schaffer s acid Acid used in the manufacture of dyestuffs. Chemically, it is 2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid. 

Schaffer s acid 2-hydroxynaphthalene-6-sulphonic acid azo, nitroso azine... 

Schaffer S, Takahashi K, and Azuma J (2000) Role of osmoregulation in the actions of temme. Amino Acids 19, 527-46. 

This work on the isomerization of D-glucose was responsible for the intensive interest which Sowden developed in saccharinic acids. From Schaffer s work, Sowden learned of the relative ease of isolation of saccharinic acids from isoraerized solutions. As a result, Miss Dorothy J. Kuenne was started on an investigation of the mechanism of formation of saccharinic acids, and the first report of this work was published in 1953. In the next few years, six additional investigations were reported in which specially labeled sugars played an important role. To Volume 12 of this Series, Sowden contributed a review on saccharinic acids which presents a clear and impressive account of the state of this complex area of sugar chemistry. 

Schaffer S. W., Baskin S. I, and Kocsis J. J, eds (1981) The Effect of Taurine in Excitable Tissues. Spectrum Publications, New York Siezen R. J and Mague T H. (1977) Gas-Iiquid chromatography of iV-heptafluorobutyryl isobutyl esters of fifty biologically interesting ammo acids Chromatogr 130, 151-160 Soley M. and Alemany M (1980) A rapid method for the estimation of ammo acid concentration in liver tissue. / Biochem Biophys Methods 2, 207-211... 

Schaffer S.Wessel M.Thiessenhusen A. Cells, nucleic acids, enzymes and use thereof and methods for the production of sophorolipids US 20130035403 (Evonik Degussa). 2013. 

Altschul S F, T L Madden, A A Schaffer, J Zhang, Z Zhang, W Miller and D J Lipman 1997. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST A New Generation of Protein Database Search Programs. Nucleic Acids Research 25 3389-3402. 

R. Schaffer and H. S. Isbell, Aldonic acids, Methods Carbohydr. Chem., 2 (1963) 11-12. 

Collingridge, G. L., Kehl, S. J. and McLennan, H. (1983) Excitatory amino acids in synaptic transmission in the Schaffer collateral-commissural pathway of the rat hippocampus. J Physiol (Lond) 334, 33-46. 

At the U.S. Forest Products Laboratory, many of the research programs involve fire-retardant-treated wood. This has included extensive basic study of pyrolysis and combustion reactions of wood and its components and the effects of chemical additives on these reactions (15,24-26,28,29,66). A cooperative study (9) with the Division of Chemical Development of the Tennessee Valley Authority, showed the effectiveness of liquid ammonium polyphosphate fertilizers as fire retardants for wood. The commercial use of these products, made from electric furnace superphosphoric acid, has been shown to be economically feasible. Work has been completed by Schaffer (33) on the rate of fire penetration in wood treated with different types of chemicals. Some results of this study are reported elsewhere in this paper. 

Altschul S. F., Madden T. L., Schaffer A. A., Zhang J., Zheng Z., Miller W. and Lipman D. J. (1997) Gapped blast and psi-blast a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res. 25, 3389-3402. 

S.F. Altschul, T.L. Madden., A.A. Schaffer, J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, W. Miller, and D.J. Lipman. 1997. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST A new generation of protein database search programs Nucleic Acids Res. 25 3389-3402. (PubMed) (Full Text in PMC)... 

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