Scdl gene

Hormonal regulation of A desaturase is complex and not fully understood. Rats with genetic diabetes, or made diabetic by destruction of pancreatic p-cells, have depressed A desaturase activity in liver, mammary gland and adipose tissue which is restored in vivo by insulin. Insulin appears essential for basal transcription of the SCDl gene and, as described before, SREPB appears to be the key regulator (Rimoldi et al., 2001 Waters and Ntambi,... 

Mouse Scdl gene was first isolated from differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and is ubiquitously expressed with the highest expression in lipogenic tissues including liver, adipose tissue, and sebaceous glands. Scdl desaturates saturated fatty acyl-CoA with 12-19 carbons with the highest preference for the conversion of stearoyl-CoA (C18 0) into oleoyl-CoA(C18 l)[ll],... 

Ntambi et al. (22) concluded that SCDl gene deficiency may result in the induction of a signal that produces the differences in physiologic state between SCDl-null and wild-type mice. This conclusion has considerable merit and may in fact be... 

Mauvoisin, D. Rocque, G. Alfa, O. Radeime, A. Boissier, R Mounier, C. Role of the PI3-kinase/mTor pathway in the regulation of the stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCDl) gene expression by insulin in Uver. J Cell Commun Signal 2007, 1, 113-125. 

Mauvoisin, D. Prevost, M. Ducheix, S. Amaud, M.P. Mounier, C. Key role of the ERKl/2 MARK pathway in the transcriptional regulation of the Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCDl) gene expression in response to leptin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010, 319,116-128. 

Similar to mouse models that lack the acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase-1, diacyl-glycerol acyltransferase-1, and ElovlS genes, Scdl mice exhibit cutaneous abnormalities with atrophic sebaceous glands and narrow eye fissure with atrophic meibomian glands, suggesting an important role of MUFA in skin and eyelid homeostasis. The major function of sebaceous and meibomian glands is to secrete lipid complex lubricants, termed sebum and mebum, respectively. These lubricants contain wax esters, TGs, and cholesteryl esters, and prevent the evaporation of moisture from the skin and the eyeball. 

Lee et al. (11) reported that mice fed a diet supplanented with 0.5% CLA exhibited significantly reduced hepatic SCD activity and SCDl mRNA expression. The data supported the conclusion that the active isomer inducing this effect was /10,cl2 CLA. Subsequently it was confirmed that fl0,cl2 CLA repressed the expression of SCDl in cultured 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes (12). In the HepG2 human liver cancer cell line, /10,cl2 CLA inhibited SCD activity but not gene expression, whereas c9,/ll CLA was without effect (13). Interestingly, in certain human breast cancer cell lines, both tl0,cl2 and c9,fll CLA isomers significantly reduced SCD activity and protein level (13). 

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