Scanning electron micrographic studies

A typical scanning electron micrograph of the uniform macroporous polystyrene-divinylbenzene particles is given in Fig. 20. First studies on the synthesis of macroporous uniform particles were started by Ugelstad et al. [109]. They used a two-step activated swelling method to obtain macroporous uniform particles in the... 

Figure 6.19 Element distribution maps for a scanning electron micrograph of a dental silicate cement (a) optical micrograph of area of study, (b) Si distribution, (c) P distribution, d) A1 distribution (Wilson et at., 1972).

Figure 2. Scanning Electron Micrographs of Fabric Used for Detergency Studies. 

Perhaps one obvious technique for evaluating pore structure is electron microscopy, and indeed numerous papers have been pubhshed showing visually attractive scanning electron micrographs (SEM). In fact these studies seldom provide... 

Because of the obvious complexity of the controlling factors that may be involved, we shall not attempt at present to estimate their functional magnitude. The existence of interconnecting channels was postulated from scanning electron micrographs of bioleached shale surface (II) and is supported by evidence from the present study. The increase of porosity by removing the carbonate mineral with dilute acid would presumably improve the permeability of certain chemical compounds into and out of the remaining shale structure. 

Scanning electron micrograph showing continuous endothelial cell coverage of the stent struts after five-day implantation (preclinical study of clinical trial dose BiodivYsio Batimastat Stent). 

Fig. 11. Scanning electron micrographs (a-d) shown sequential stages in the early part of the adhesion process for mouse fibroblasts from initial contact with a surface to the assumption of a more or less final morphology. The cytoskeleton has the ability to change cell shape quickly and an individual cell may pass from the initial spherical form to the final flattened one in a few minutes. The initial adhesion process at the points of contact between cell and surface is also very rapid but there are subsequent changes at the adhesion sites affecting the nature and strength of the bonds which may continue for many hours. These can be studied by TIRF microscopy...

Fig. 8.14 PS-styrene sample extruded at 180°C into atmospheric pressure. The micrograph shows the smooth lateral surface and part of the cross section there is no evidence of huhhles. [Reprinted by permission from R. J. Albalak, Z. Tadmor, and Y. Talmon, Scanning Electron Microscopy Studies of Polymer Melt Devolatilization, AIChE J., 33, 808-818 (1987).]...

Fig. 12.17 Scanning electron micrograph of HDPE extruded at a shear rate slightly lower than the oscillation region, showing sharkskin. [Reprinted by permission from N. Bergem, Visualization Studies of Polymer Melt Flow Anomalies in Extruders, Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress on Rheology, Gothenberg, Sweden, 1976, p. 50.]...

Fig. 3. Scanning electron micrograph of copper used in methanol synthesis study (40). [Reprinted with permission from J. Catal. 57, 339 (1979). Copyright (1979) Academic Press, New York.]...

Scanning electron micrographs of mouse spleen lynqphocytes labeled for surface Ig molecules with latex spheres are illustrated in Figure 9 Mai r of the labeled cells (B-cells) were found to have microvilli-like structures latex markers were densely distributed over their cell surface and microvilli. Recent SEM studies indicate that human T-lymphocytes, which form rosettes with sheep blood cells, also exhibit numerous microvilli on their surface. ... 

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