Saturated phosphatidylcholine

Van Duyl, B. Y., Ganchev, D., Chupin, V., de KruijfF, B. and Killian, J. A. Sphingomyelin is much more effective than saturated phosphatidylcholine in excluding unsaturated phosphatidylcholine from domains formed with cholesterol. FEES Lett. 547 101-106,2003. 

Pink, D. A., Green, T. J. and Chapman, D. (1981). Raman scattering in bilayers of saturated phosphatidylcholines and cholesterol. Experiment and theory, Biochemistry, 20, 6692-6698. 

Table II gives the ratios of the 31P-NMR linewidths in the presence of calcium or magnesium for egg PC and DMPC vesicles. For egg PC this ratio is 1.0 at 10° and 20°C, indicating that calcium and magnesium have identical dissociation constants in their binding to egg PC at these temperatures. At 35°C the ratio is slightly less than 1.0. This difference, however, is small compared with the effects observed with saturated phosphatidylcholines.

McMullen TPW, Lewis RNAH, McElhaney RN. Differential scan- 45. ning calorimetric study of the effect of cholesterol on the thermotropic phase behavior of a homologous series of linear saturated phosphatidylcholines. Biochemistry 1993 32 516-522. 

Figure 3.89. Pressure-area Isotherms for monolayers of saturated phosphatidylethanol-amlnes (a) and saturated phosphatidylcholines (b) on an aqueous 0.1 M NaCl solution at 22°C. From bottom to top (a) dicapryl-PC (Ciq), dimyrlstoyl-PC (C14), dipalmitoyl-PC (Cie). distearoyl-PC (Cig) and dibehenoyl-PC (C22) (b) dicapryl-PE (length of the hydrocarbon tails Cio). dilauroyl-PE (C12). dimyristoyl-PE (C14) and distearoyl-PE (Cis). The curve for dilauroyl-PC (Ci2) is not depicted since it coincides almost completely with the one for dimyrlstoyl-PC. (Redrawn from M.C. Phillips, D. Chapman, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 163 (1968) 301.)...

Determination of Lecithin/Sphingomyelin Ratio and Saturated Phosphatidylcholine ... 

Torday J, Carson L, Lawson E. Saturated phosphatidylcholine in amniotic fluid and prediction of respiratory-distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 1979 301 1013-8. 

In this study, vesicles made of a saturated phosphatidylcholines (open circles), that is, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), where Rj and R2 substituents are both C16 0 fatty acid chains (Scheme 6.1), were compared with (a) cis lipid vesi-... 

Casal HL, McElhaney RN (1990) Quantitative determination of hydrocarbon chain conformational order in bilayers of saturated phosphatidylcholines of various chain lengths by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Biochemistry 29 5423... 

Expression of interleukin-4 in nondliated epi-thehal cells in the conducting airways of transgenic mice resulted in a 6.5-fold increase in saturated phosphatidylcholine, a 15-fold in surfactant protein D in the alveolar pool relative to wild type mice (Ikegami et al. 2000). 

Multilamellar dispersions of homogeneous phosphatidylcholines exhibit two reversible phase transitions. The major chain-melting transition is a sharp symmetrical first-order endothermic transition in the DSC thermogram. For a series of saturated phospholipids, the enthalpy of the main transition is a linear function of the transition temperature (Fig. 10) [94], and the extrapolation to zero enthalpy suggests that saturated phosphatidylcholines with hydrocarbon chains shorter than 12 carbon atoms cannot form stable bilayers. 

Concerning the results obtained with phospholipase A2, a recent cryotransmission electron microscopy study using a venom phospholipase hj and conventional vesicles made from saturated phosphatidylcholines has shown that the vesicles are destabilized upon (exovesicular) enzyme addition, again after a starting lag phase [44]. This is in good agreement with the observations of Section 3.3 [16]. 

FIGURE 8.7 The ITIES modified with a monolayer of phospholipid. The insert shows the structure of synthetic saturated phosphatidylcholine lipid. (Reprinted with permission from Tsionsky, M., Bard, A. J and Mirkin, M.V., Long-range electron-transfer through a lipid monolayer at the liquid/liquid interface, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 119,10785-10792,1997. Copyright 1997 American Chemical Society.)... 

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