Saturated compound definition

The reactions of OH, like those of H, involve mainly addition to unsaturated sites and abstraction from saturated compounds. Oxidation or reduction by OH or H, respectively, involving charge transfer has not been definitely established with any organic compound. While the relative reactivities of H and OH follow similar patterns, the absolute rate of reaction with OH is generally higher than that with H. 

The half-lives of the unsaturated compounds were smaller than the half-lives of the corresponding saturated compounds. This effect was expected because natural rubber is non-polar, and on non-polar GC liquid phases unsaturated compounds have shorter retention times than saturated. By broadening the definition of N to equivalent carbon number with the saturated compounds as the reference, monoenes can be correlated with the same regression equation parameters (Equation 4) as the saturated compounds. The N values may then possess fractional values. In the acetate series at 20 C, the N values for the monoenes were as follows (14) Z7-12 Ac,... 

Double bond n. A type of covalent bond (pi or n bond in C=C), common in organic chemistry, in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two elements. The double bond may be symbolized either by or = , as in ethylene, CH2 CH2, or dimethyl ketone (CH3)2C=0. Elements possess a definite number of valency linkages or bonds, and these are employed in uniting with other elements. When all these bonds are completely employed in such unions, saturated compounds result. If, however, a residual bond or linkage remains, this may be involved with another in forming a reactive or unsaturated... 

Berthollet emphasised that the principle is limited to neutral salts which do not form triple salts (e.g. it will not apply to alumina). Richter was aware that some salts which are saturated compounds still have an acid or alkaline reaction, and in some cases may combine with a further definite quantify of alkali or acid to form other salts. He distinguished between absolute neutrality when the acid and base united in the ratio of masses usually give a product neutral to indicators, and relative neutrality when pnly the first condition is satisfied. In relative neutrality a compound can take up an excess of one of the components, as tartar (acid potassium tartrate) can combine with a definite amount of potash or of ammonia to form a neutral salt, or sulphate of alumina can take up potash to form common alum. 

Other oxides of phosphorus are less well characterized though the suboxide PO and the peroxide P2O6 seem to be definite compounds. PO was obtained as a brown cathodic deposit when a saturated solution of Et3NHCl in anhydrous POCI3 was electrolysed between Pt electrodes at 0°. Alternatively it can be made by the slow reaction of POBrs with Mg in Et20 under reflux ... 

The spectra in Figure 11.4 were recorded from headspace vapor either at room temperature (TNT, PETN) or elevated temperature (about 50°C for RDX). For TNT this corresponds to a saturated headspace vapor pressure of less than 10 ppb. At these levels strong signal is observed with relatively weak signal from room air. Explosives compounds that have been detected by the MS detector with high sensitivity include TNT, ADNT, DNT, NT, TNB, DNB, DMNB, RDX, HMX, EGDN, NG, PETN, and TATP. (see Explosive Definitions, page 329). 

Pentammino-cupric Chloride, [Cu(NII3)5]Cl2, is said to be formed by saturating cupric chloride at low temperature with ammonia gas and gradually raising the temperature. Certain points arc readied where evolution of ammonia occurs and where the temperature remains constant during the evolution, thus indicating the existence of a definite compound. Pentammino-cupric chloride appears to exist below 105° C. and to decompose sharply at 105° C., yielding decammino-tricupric chloride.4... 

Lipids. In a geochemical context, lipids are defined as organic compounds that can be extracted with nonpolar organic solvents (e.g., hexane, chloroform, ether) or solvent mixtures (e.g., benzene/methanol) (Breger, 1960). This definition accommodates a diverse group of compounds that includes saturated, unsaturated,... 

---