Saponins in food

Price K R, Johnson IT and Fenwick G R (1987), The chemistry and biological significance of saponins in food and feeding stuffs , Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 26, 27-133. 

Gorshkova, I.A. Ilyin, S.G. Stonik, V.A. In Saponin in food, feedstuffs and medicinal plants-, Oleszek W., Marston A. Ed. Kluwer Academic Publishers The Netherlands, 2000 pp. 219-225. 

Moore, M. 2003. Medicinal plants of the Mountain West. Revised and expanded edition. Santa Fe Museum of New Mexico Press. Oakenfull, D. 1981. Saponins in food—A review. Food Chem. 7(l) 19-40. 

Price KR, Johnson IT, and Fenwick GR (1987) The chemistry and biological significance of saponins in foods and feedingstuffs. CRC Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 26 27-135. 

Introduction Steroidal saponins Triterpenoid Saponins Biological Activity of Saponins Saponins in Food and Forage Plants Saponins and Insects Medicinal Uses of Saponins Alteration of Taste Properties Sweeteners Cardenolides Biosynthesis... 

Oleszek W and Marston A 2000. Saponins in Food, Feedstuffs and Medicinal Plants, Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers. 

Tiiterpenoid saponin exists widely in plants of Araliaceae, Campanulaceae, Polygalaceae, Leguminosae, Umbelliferae, etc. Tiiterpenoid saponin is consisted of triteipenoid sapogenins and saccharide chain. Tetracyclic and pentacyclic triteipenoid saponins are very common and showed extensive activity on immune system, cardiovascular system, even with antitumor effect. They have long been under study to elucidate their activity and mechanism, new structural compounds, and develop rapid and accurate analytical methods. The isolation of triterpenoid saponins is tedious due to their high polarity, and so is the structure identification due to the presence of more than three monosaccharides. New analytical tools and approaches have been developed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of triteipenoid saponins in food, medicinal plant and health care products. This chapter describes spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, and chromatography coupled with different detector for triterpenoid saponin analysis in matrix. 

IFST Current Hot Topics Phytoestrogens (2001) www.ifst.org/hottop 34.htm Lasztity, R., Hidvegi, M., Bata, A. Saponins in food. 

Lasztity R, Hidvegi M, Bata A (1998) Saponins in food. Food Rev Int 14 371-390 Lemos TLG, Mendes AL, Sousa MP et al (1992) New saponin from Sapindus saponaria. Fitoterapia 93 515-517... 

OakenfuU D. G. Saponins in food a review. Food Chemistry, 6 19-40 (1981). 

Rao, A. V. and Gnrfinkel, D. M. (2000) Dietary saponins and human health, in Saponins in Food Feedstuffs and Medicinal Plants (eds W. Oleszek and A. Marston), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 255-270. 

Tanaka, O., Tamura, Y., Masuda, H. and Mizutani, K. (1996) Application of saponins in foods and cosmetics saponins from Mohave yucca and Sapindus mukurossi, in Saponins Used in Food and Agriculture (eds G. R. Waller and K. Yamasaki), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 1-11. 

H. Harmatha, Chemo-ecological role of spirostanol saponins in the interaction between plant and insects, in W. Olezsek, A. Marston (Eds.), Saponins in Food Feedstnffs and Medicinal Plants, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dradrecht, The Netherlands, 2(XX), pp. 129-141. 

About 600 species of Dioscorea (Dioscoreaceae) are known, and a number of these are cultivated for their large starchy tubers, commonly called yams, which are an important food crop in many parts of the world. Important edible species are Dioscorea alata and D. esculenta (S E Asia), D. rotundata and D. cayenensis (W Africa) and D. trifida (America). A number of species accumulate quite high levels of saponins in their tubers, which make them bitter and inedible, but these provide suitable sources of steroidal material for drug manufacture. 

Furostanol-type steroid saponins in fenugreek increased food intake in normal rats significantly, while modifying the circadian rhythm of feeding behaviour in diabetic rats resulted in a progressive weight gain in contrast to untreated diabetic controls. In normal and diabetic rats, steroid... 

Alternative adsorbents for cholesterol are food-grade saponins. Com-plexation of cholesterol in milk fat with saponins in aqueous solutions, followed by separation of the cholesterol-saponin complex has been shown to be technically feasible for cholesterol removal (Sundfeld et al., 1993). 

Nishizawa, M. Yamada, H. In Saponins Used in Food and Agriculture, Waller, G.R. Yamasaki, K., Eds. Plenum Press New York, 1996 Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, Vol. 405, pp. 25-36. 

Yang D-J, Lu T-J, Hwang LS (2003) Isolation and Identification of Steroidal Saponins in Taiwanese Yam Cultivar (Dioscorea pseudoiaponica Yamamoto). J Agric Food Chem 51 6438... 

Arditi, T. T. Meredith P. Flowerman. Renewed interest in soy isoflavones and saponins. Cereal Foods Worldimi, 45, 414-417. 

---