Salting out parameters

Clever, H.L. Holland, C.J. "Solubility of Argon Gas in Aqueous Alkali Halide Solutions — Temperature Coefficient of the Salting Out Parameter," J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1968, 13, 411-14. 

Sada, E. Kobayashi, T. Kito, S. Ito, K. "Salting Out Parameters of Gas Solubility in Aqueous Salt Solutions" ... 

Salt effects of lithium chloride and calcium chloride on the solubility of carbon dioxide in a mixture of methanol and water were observed at 25°C and 1 atm. Experimental results can be correlated by the Setschenow equation for a fixed solvent composition of salt-free basis. The salting-out parameter is not linear with solvent composition, which is opposite to the results obtained when a mixed salt is used. 

Figure 3. Variations of salting out parameters with solvent composition...

Bocklis et al. (i) and Sergeeva et al. (9) have observed the salt effects on solubilities of benzoic acid in a few mixed solvents. However, upon review of their results and ours, no unified features of the dependence of the salting-out parameter on solvent composition were found. 

Figure 2.6 Relation of the salting out parameter, K, with aqueous solubility. [Reprinted from Chemosphere 13, 881, Y. Hashimoto, K. Tokura, and W. M. J. Strachan, Prediction of seawater solubility of aromatic compounds . Copyright 1984, with permission from Elsevier.]...

Table 2.6 Ionic salting out parameters ki/M of gases according to Eq. (2.42) from (Weisenberger and Schumpe 1996) and of benzene from (Xie et al. 1997)...

PawUkowski and Prausnitz presented salting out parameters for individual ions that could be added to estimate a saltfs k ... 

PawUkowski and Prausnitz note that although the parameters presented are intended primarily for 1-1 electrolytes, they may be used to estimate the salting out parameter for 1-2 electrolytes if the additive equation is used as follows ... 

C ),g " b(A ),g A similar change may also be made for estimating the salting out parameter for a 2-1 electrolyte. Temperature dependent parameters were also presented for the ions the values for the temperature dependent and Independent ion parameters are given in Appendix 7.2. 

Another disadvantage of the Setschenow equation is that the salting out parameter affects only the molecular activity coefficient no effect is shown on the other species in the solution. These problems are addressed in the next section covering the adaptation of the Pitzer equation to solutions containing molecular solutes. 

Table 2 - Salting Out Parameters for Strong Electrolytes In Equation—(7j 18)—at 25° C (e/k in Kelvina)...

Armenante, P.M. H.T. Karisson. "Salting-out parameters for organic acids", J. Chem. Eng. Data. v27, ppl55-156 (1982)... 

Salting-In and Salting-Out, Table 1 toEq. 1 from [2] and [11] Conventional ionic salting-out parameters ij/dm mol of benzene according ... 

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