Salmonella spp

Peptides formed during tryptic digest of Salmonella flagellin were immobilized on the WPG-PG to prepare immunoadsorbents for the isolation of monoreceptor antibodies from rabbit serum against H-antigens of Salmonella spp. [129]. The... 

Uncommon—Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Campylobacter spp., Yersinia spp., and enteropathogenic Escherchia coli... 

Other gram-negative organisms, such as Pseudomonas spp., have been noted to cause IE, especially in IVDUs and patients with prosthetic valves. Additionally, IE caused by Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Serratia marcescens, Proteus spp. and Providencia spp. also has been reported.1... 

Campylobacter spp. are gram-negative bacilli that have a curved or spiral shape. Campylobacter are sensitive to stomach acidity as a result, diseases or medications that buffer gastric acidity may increase the risk of infection. Data suggest that the infectious dose for C. jejuni is similar to that for Salmonella spp. After an incubation period, infection is established in the jejunum, ileum, colon, and rectum. 

Human infections with Salmonella spp. and E. coli 0157 H7 are a common worldwide phenomenon. Livestock may serve as a source of several relevant human pathogenic microorganisms (Table 19.2). The most prevalent group is the enteric pathogens which include bacteria, viruses and parasites (i.e. protozoa and helminths). Animals may shed pathogens through excreta without... 

Clostridium perfringens E.coli 0157. H7 E.coli (enterotoxigenic) Listeria monocytogenes Salmonella spp. Shighella sonnei Vibrio cholerae Yersinia enterocoltica (Norovirus) ... 

Wild and domestic animals, including mammals, birds, reptiles and insects, are likely to harbour enteric pathogens and are therefore potential transmitters to agricultural environments and produce. For instance, Salmonella spp. has been isolated from the intestinal tracts of most warm-blooded and many cold-blooded animals. 

Experiments with gaseous acetic acid have been performed for disinfection of seeds intended for the production of bean sprouts (Delaquis et al., 1999). Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli 0157 H7 were eradicated from the surface of mung bean seeds and it was reported that the seed germination loss was not too large. The seeds have often been the suspected source of contamination in sprout-associated outbreaks and sanitation methods that do not interfere with the germination of the seeds are appreciated. Other volatile chemical treatments have been tested for lethality to Salmonella spp. on alfalfa seeds and sprouts with varying results both on the efficacy of the disinfectant and its effect on sensory qualities (Weissinger et al., 2001). 

Rajkowski, K.T. and Thayer, D.W. (2000) Reduction of Salmonella spp. and strains of Escherichia coli 0157 H7 by gamma radiation of inoculated sprouts . Journal of Food Protection, 63, 871-875. 

The bacterial species most commonly associated with GI infection and infectious diarrhea in the United States are Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Yersinia spp., Escherichia spp., Clostridium spp., and Staphylococcus spp. 

Enteric disease Salmonella spp. Shigella spp, Campylobacter fetus... 

The gross structure of 73 was determined by a combination of spectroscopic and chemical means (112) stereochemistry was proved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (113). Much later, 73 was also found in C. guianensis from Brazil (114). It was characterized by PMR and CMR data as well as by X-ray analysis. Gerrardine showed activity against Salmonella spp. (115), Candida albicans T.A., Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae D.T. (114). 

Also Enterobacteria are able to synthesize unsaturated fatty acids and to incorporate these into the lipid A component. Thus, when grown at low temperature (10- 15°C) E. coli (143), Salmonella spp. (142), P. mirabilis (37), and Y. enterocolitica (145) are incorporated into the lipid A component unsaturated fatty acids that are not present in LPS of bacteria grown at 370 C. For E. coli and Salmonella strains grown at low temperatures, it was found that (Z)-A9-hexadecenoic acid (A9-16 1) was incorporated at the expense of 12 0 (142,143), however, not quantitatively. Further investigations of these lipid A by l.d.-m.s. revealed that the unsaturated fatty acid specifically replaced the 12 0 residue in 14 0[3-6>( 12 0)] that is bound to GlcN(II) (37). A similar effect of thermoadaptation, resulting in the formation of amide-bound 14 0[3-6>(A9-16 1)], was detected in P. mirabilis and Y. enterocolitica (145). 

The recovery of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella spp. and Listeria spp. from drinking water is also reported [35, 143, 144]. 

Staphylococcus aureus > Salmonella spp. and Clostridium botullnum (22) In the case of the latter, the combination of lactic starter with either sucrose or dextrose has proven effective in preventing toxin production even without nitrite (23, 24). Table IV illustrates the Inhibitory effect of lactic cultures on the growth and production of enterotoxin by staphylococci in dry sausage (25) ... 

Bialka, K. L. and Demirci, A. (2008). Efficacy of pulsed UV-light for the decontamination of Escherichia coli 0157 H7 and Salmonella spp. on raspberries and strawberries.. Food Sci. 73, M201-M207. 

Duncanson, P., Wareing, D. R. A., and Jones, O. (2003). Application of an automated immunomagnetic separation-enzyme immunoassay for the detection of Salmonella spp. during an outbreak associated with a retail premises. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 37,144-148. 

Mercanoglu, B., and Aytac, S. A. (2002). Immunomagnetic separation and a cultural reference method for detection of Salmonella spp. in foods. Archiv Lebensmittelhyg. 53,43—45. 

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