Salix viminalis

Salix viminalis (Salicaceae) SVTI (15 kDa) Trypsin (Kunitz PI homologue) [421]... 

Salix viminalis L. common osier -0.2% total salicins (e.g. triandrin)... 

Influence of willow (Salix viminalis L.) roots on soil metal chemistry Effects of clones with varying metal uptake potential... 

Metal-tolerant clones of Salix viminalis with properties for accumulation of either low or high concentrations of Cd, Zn or Cu (Table 1) were placed in... 

An irritant dermatitis was reported in basketmakers from the plant used, osier Salix viminalis) [263]. 

Goncalo S, Sousa L, Moreno A, et al. (1986) Occupational dermatitis from Salix viminalis. Contact Dermatitis 14 188-189... 

Constit. of willow wood (Salix viminalis). Cryst. + 3H2O. 

Bowen MR, Hoad GV (1968) Inhibitor content of phloem and xylem sap obtained from willow Salix viminalis) entering dormancy. Planta 81 64-70 Bowen MR, Wareing PF (1969) The interchange of " C-kinetin and " C-gibberellic acid between the bark and xylem of willow. Planta 89 108-125 Bowen MR, Wilkins MB, Cane AR, McCorquodale I (1972) Auxin transport in roots. VIII. The distribution of radioactivity in the tissues of Zea root segments. Planta 105 273-292... 

Hoad GV, Hillman SK, Wareing PF (1971) Studies on the movement of indole auxins in willow Salix viminalis L.). Planta 99 73-88 Hocking TJ, Hillman JR, Wilkins MB (1972) Movement of abscisic acid in Phaseolus vulgaris plants. Nature New Biol 235 124-125 Hollis CA, Tepper HB (1971) Auxin transport within intact dormant and active white ash shoots. Plant Physiol 48 146-149... 

Salix Viminalis as a Source of Nanomaterials and Bioactive Natural Substances... 

Plant Salix viminalis (Figure 1) belongs to the group of so called short-rotation coppices agriculturally cultivated as a renewable source of energy (Bogesson et al., 1997). 

The Salix viminalis originated active carbons are in fact sohds containing a network of very tinny pores. Average calculated hnear dimension (Horvath and Kawazoe, 1983) was below 1 mn. In practice, these pores nearly exclusively contribute to the total pore volume of the obtained carbons. Moreover PSD is very narrow suggesting that such materials are potential molecular sieves providing molecular sieving abilities (Figure 2). This properly of the obtained carbons needed an ejqrerimental verification. 

Figure 2. Typical pore size distribution (PSD function) for carbon molecular sieves obtained by pyrolysis of Salix viminalis wood. Symbols 6, 7, 8, 9 denote carbonization temperature of 600, 700, 800, 900°C, respectively. The PSD functions calculated basing from adsorption data at -196°C and Hortvath-Kawazoe model.

It is visible that Kr/Nj mixture undergoes separation more effectively at both temperatures (30°C and 70°c5) while Ne/N cannot be separated at 70 C (peaks overleaping). The effect may be explained basing on atomic and molecular dimensions given in the Table 1. Minimal dimensions (MTN-1) of Kr and differ considerably (0.36 nm and 0.30 nm respectively) while minimal dimensions of Ne and N are very similar (0.30 nm and 0.28 nm respectively). Thus, the unique pore stmcture of Salix viminalis originated caibons helped to separate effectively atoms/molecules whose shape and size differed only by 0.06 nm size difference. The results also suggest that N molecules penetrate into pores of investigated carbons based on their minimal dimension. 

Table 2. Effectiveness of binary gas mixture separation over Salix viminalis originated carbon molecular sieve.

Figure 3. Chromatographic separation of Kr/N (a) and Ne/N (b) mixture over a Salix viminalis originated carbon DSV.

The narrowed PSD in the case of Salix viminalis wood-originated carbon occurs in relatively limited range of carbonization temperatures (600-700°C) and its hmited duration (typically 1 hr + 1 hr). More severe carbonization conditions leads to a collapse of this specific system of pores (Gorska, 2009 Ohata et al., 2008) due to graphitization of carbon matrix. 

Pyrolysis of biomass, as well as pyrolysis of Salix viminalis wood, yields volatile products besides the mentioned solid product—active carbon (Figure 5). Figure 5 doc-mnents that the proportions between basic products of biomass heat-treatment depend on process dynamics. High speed pyrolysis prefers the formation of non-condensable gases while slow carbonizations increase the share of soUd product (char or active carbon). 

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