Saginata oncosphere

Bonay, P., Gonzalez, L.M., Benitez, L., Foster, M., Harrison, L.J., Parkhouse, R.M. and Garate, T. (2002) Genomic and functional characterisation of a secreted antigen of Taenia saginata oncospheres. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 121, 269-273. 

Halawa, B. Jakacka, B. (1977a). [Proteolytic activity of Taenia saginata oncospheres examined by the isotope method.] In Polish. Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne, 23 363-7. [HA/48/3531]... 

Oncospheres of many cestode species penetrate and develop into metacestodes within cysts (cysticerci, hydatid, multilocular) in the soft tissues of their rodent, ruminant or human hosts. Thus, species such as Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis, Eaenia multiceps, T. ovis, E. saginata and E solium are of economic and medical importance. Such soft tissue invasion elicits a host immune response to resist the helminths. However, although some cysts may be destroyed as evidenced by involution or calcification, the host response is often too little - too late to eliminate the invaders. The susceptibility of the host to invasion is often due to successful evasive strategies... 

Immunization with the monoclonal AB reactive against the 18 kDa major surface protein in the oncosphere of T. saginata, HP6, confers protection in cattle (Harrison and Rarkhouse, 1986). The HP6-encoding gene of T. saginata has been cloned and transfected into normal rat kidney cells. Localization studies revealed HP6 in the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and at the cell surface (Bonay et al., 2002). The deduced amino acid sequence of HP6 was similar to the mammalian extracellular matrix protein,... 

Harrison, L.J. and Parkhouse, R.M. (1 986) Passive protection against Taenia saginata infection in cattle by a mouse monoclonal antibody reactive with the surface of the invasive oncosphere. Parasite Immunology 8, 319-332. 

Early studies with T. taeniaeformis in mice (Miller and Gardiner, 1932 Campbell, 1938b Leid and Williams, 1974 Musoke et al., 1975 Mitchell et al., 1977, 1980), T. pisiformis in rabbits (Campbell, 1938a), T. saginata in cattle (Lloyd and Soulsby, 1976) and T. ovis in sheep (Blundell et al., 1968 Rickard et al., 1977 Heath et al., 1979 Harrison et al., 1993) demonstrated that antibodies in the sera of infected or immunized hosts were capable of transferring passive immunity to na ive hosts. The presence and activities of these protective antibodies were found to be evident in vitro through the demonstration that activated oncospheres were killed if cultured in the presence of serum from infected or vaccinated... 

Gauci, C.G., Flisser, A. and Lightowlers, M.W. (1998) A Taenia solium oncosphere protein homologous to host-protective Taenia ovis and Taenia saginata 18 kDa antigens. International Journal for Parasitology 28, 757-760. 

Lightowlers, M.W., Rolfe, R. and Gauci, C.G. (1996b) Taenia saginata vaccination against cysticercosis in cattle with recombinant oncosphere antigens. Experimental Parasitology 84, 330-338. 

The following species of Taenia have been grown from oncospheres to active larvae with suckers T. hydatigena, T. ovis, T. pisiformis, T. serialis and E. granulosus (308, 314). The techniques of Heath Smyth (314), or modifications of them, have been used widely by other workers for the production and collection of E/S antigens of oncospheres in the preparation of potential vaccines (see Chapter 11, p. 302). Only limited success has been achieved with the culture of larval T. saginata (310, 471) and almost none with T. solium, and the in vitro culture of these important species remains a challenge. 

Heath, D. D. Elsdon-Dew, R. (1972). The in vitro culture of Taenia saginata and Taenia taeniaeformis larvae from the oncosphere with... 

Ultrastructure of the hatched and unhatched oncospheres of Taenia saginata. Folia Parasitologica, 29 45-50. 

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