Safety sodium periodate

In a typical example, sodium periodate (18.2 g, 85 mmol) was added in small portions over a 45 min period to l,4-dioxa-6-acetyl-6-allylspiro[4.5]decane (8.9 g, 40 mmol) and osmium tetroxide (0.10 g, 0.39 mmol) in a solution of THF (126 mL) and water (42 mL) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 2 h at this temperature during which time the black slurry turned brown. Water (600 mL) was introduced, and the mixture was extracted with ether. The extract was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and stripped of solvent to give 7.4 g of crude aldehyde. (Because osmium tetroxide is a toxic and volatile irritant, all preparations should be carried out in a fume hood with use of adequate personal protection, gloves and safety glasses.) Other examples of the use of this reagent have b n summarized in Table 5. 

Sodium periodate. Harmful and toxic if swallowed, irritant to eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Toxicity data LD50 264 mg/kg oral, rat. Handle with safety glasses and gloves. 

Sodium periodate, NalO, and Sodium periodate meta are strong oxidizers and may be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption. It causes eye, skin, mucous membrane, and respiratory tract irritation. Wear appropriate gloves and safety glasses and use in a chemical fume hood. 

A survey, with many references, of 14 classes of preparative reactions involving hydrogen peroxide or its derivatives emphasises safety aspects of the various procedures [11]. Following the decomposition of 100 1 of 50% aqueous hydrogen peroxide which damaged the 630 1 stainless vessel rated at 6 bar, the effect of added contaminants and variations in temperature and pH on the adiabatic decomposition was studied in a 1 1 pressure vessel, where a final temperature of 310°C and a pressure around 200 bar were attained. Rust had little effect, but addition of a little ammonia (pH increased from 1.8 to 6.0) caused the induction period to fall dramatically, effectively from infinity to a few h at 40°C and a few min at 80°C. Addition of sodium hydroxide to pH 7.5 reduced the induction period at 24°C from infinity to about 4 min [12],... 

S. Phenyldiazomethane (Vacuum pynolyzxa method). In a 200-mL, singlenecked, round-bottomed flask is placed 13.71 g (0.05 mol) of benzaldehyde tosylhydrazone. A 1.0 M solution (51 mL) of sodium methoxide in methanol (0.051 mol) (Note 2) is added via syringe and the mixture is swirled until dissolution is complete (Note 3). The methanol is then removed by rotary evaporator. The last traces of methanol are removed by evacuation of the flask at 0.1 mm for 2 hr. The solid tosylhydrazone salt is broken up with a spatula and the flask is fitted with a vacuum take-off adaptor and a 50-mL receiver flask. The system is evacuated at 0.1 nm and the receiver flask is cooled in a dry ice-acetone bath to about -50°C. The flask containing the salt is immersed in an oil bath and the temperature is raised to 90°C (use a safety shield). At this temperature, red phenyldiazomethane first begins to collect in the receiver flask. The temperature is raised to 220°C over a 1-hr period (Note 4). During this time red phenyldiazomethane collects in the receiver flask (Note 5). The pressure increases to 0.35 mm over the course of the pyrolysis. On completion of the pyrolysis the pressure drops to less than 0.1 mm. 

DOT CLASSIFICATION 8 Label Corrosive SAFETY PROFILE A poison by ingestion. Moderately toxic by skin contact. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Moderately explosive when exposed to heat. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. Dangerous reactions with metals e.g., sodium (mixture explodes on impact), potassium (explodes on contact), aluminum (ignition after a delay period). Reacts violently with A1 foil. CdS. PbS. organic matter. P. PCI3. rubber. Ag2S. ZnS. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of CL and I and may explode. See also IODINE and CHLORIDES. 

Sodium pentothal (also called thiopental sodium) is commonly used as an intravenous anesthetic. The onset of anesthesia and the loss of consciousness occur within seconds of its administration. Care must be taken when administering sodium pentothal because the dose for effective anesthesia is 75% of the lethal dose. Because of its toxicity, it cannot he used as the sole anesthetic. It is generally used to induce anesthesia before an inhalation anesthetic is administered. Propofol is an anesthetic that has all the properties of the perfect anesthetic It can he used as the sole anesthetic by intravenous drip, it has a rapid and pleasant induction period and a wide margin of safety, and recovery from the drug is rapid and pleasant. 

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