Saccharomyces cerevisiae glycolysis

F. Hynne, S. Dan0, and R G. Sprensen, Full scale model of glycolysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biophys. Chem. 94, 121 163 (2001). 

Fig. 3.2 Biological abstraction. Yeast cells reflect anaerobic, reductive metabolism (intestine) as well as aerobic, oxidative metabolism (liver), if glycolysis is regarded as the most active pathway. Therefore, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a good model organism for studies of xenobiotic metabolism.

Biosimulation has a dominant role to play in systems biology. In this chapter, we briefly outline two approaches to systems biology and the role that mathematical models has to play in them. Our focus is on kinetic models, and silicon cell models in particular. Silicon cell models are kinetic models that are firmly based on experiment. They allow for a test of our knowledge and identify gaps and the discovery of unanticipated behavior of molecular mechanisms. These models are very complicated to analyze because of the high level of molecular-mechanistic detail included in them. To facilitate their analysis and understanding of their behavior, model reduction is an important tool for the analysis of silicon cell models. We present balanced truncation as one method to perform model reduction and apply it to a silicon cell model of glycolysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 

As was quoted above, when fermenting grape juice, Saccharomyces cerevisiae mainly directs the pyruvate to produce of ethanol in order to regenerate the NAD+ consumed by glycolysis. This process, called alcoholic fermentation, is shown in Fig. 1.4. 

Davies, S.E. and Brindle, K.M. (1992) Effects of overexpression of phosphofructokinase on glycolysis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochemistry 31,4729 735. 

Over half the known species of yeasts can ferment D-glucose anaerobically (see Table III). Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferments both a- and /3-D-glucopyranose at about the same rate.176 In the anaerobic fermentation of sugars, yeasts convert the pyruvate produced by glycolysis into ethanol by way of acetaldehyde. 

Den Hollander, J.A., T.R. Brown, K. Ugurbil, and R.G. Shulman. 1986. Studies of anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochemistry 25 203-211. 

Kourdis, P.D., Goussis, D.A. Glycolysis in saccharomyces cerevisiae algorithmic exploration of robustness and origin of oscillations. Math. Biosci. 243, 190-214 (2013)... 

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