Saale river

Ballerstedt H, A Kraus, U Lechner (1997) Reductive dechlorination of 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and its products by anaerobic mixed cultures from Saale River sediment. Environ Sci Technol 31 1749-1753. 

The cationic surfactant mixture, which was also observed by FIA— MS(+) in the Saale River (Germany) but could not be separated under RP-Cis conditions, was classed as a cationic surfactant mixture of fatty acid ethoxy amine type with the general formula R-N H((CH2-CH2-OH)x)-(CH2-CH2-OH)yX- by FIA-MS-MS(+) [29], The CID spectrum of the parent ion at m/z 538 generated by FIA-MS-MS(+) resulted in a series of equally spaced product ions (A m/z 44) starting with 212 and ending at 520. Besides these product ions, alkyl- and ethoxylate fragment ions with low intensity were observed at 57, 71... 

Fig. 2.12.15. FIA-APCI-MS-MS(+) (CID) product ion mass spectrum of cationic surfactant compound (m/z 538) fatty acid polyglycol amine type observed in the Saale river, Germany (general formula R—N H((CH2—CH2—OH)x)—(CH2—CH2—OH)y X fragmentation behaviour of [M]+ parent ion at m/z 538 under CID conditions is presented...

The median HHCB/AHTN ratio in Lippe river water was 2.9 (Dsikowitzky et al., 2002), close to the HHCB/AHTN ratio of 2.5, which was deduced from the 1995 European use volumes (Balk and Ford, 1999a). However, in water samples from the Elbe river, the Saale river and the Mulde river, Germany, lower median HHCB/AHTN ratios were determined, 1.4 to 1.8 (data compiled by Rimkus, 1999). Apparently, HHCB/AHTN ratios are subject to fluctuations, since Simonich et al. (2000) have shown that the percent removal of both compounds during wastewater treatment in the STPs analysed was very similar. 

Industrial waste to the Saale River (Germany) resulted in zinc concentrations at Rubolstadt of several thousand milligrams per liter which decreased by a factor of 10 within 6 to 8 miles downstream. Surficial sediment in front of a dam 7.4 miles downstream had a zinc content of 0.86%, whereas similar sediment 21.8 miles further downstream had only 0.36% zinc (91), Since the hydrous oxides of iron and manganese are ubiquitous in surficial stream sediments, it is suggested that the zinc decontamination of the Saale River in this case may have been caused by the scavenging ability of the hydrous oxides. 

It is to be noted that similar compounds and degradation products tend to interfere with the signal of the analyzed compounds. The severest interferences were observed for catechol and resorcinol, whereas cresols and chlorophenols had only little effect. Common substrates, such as glucose and amino acids, produced only low signals. A Rhodococcus PI, which has been isolated from sediment of the river Saale, in particular had a very high sensitivity to phenol and... 

Fig. 8-5. Multivariate correlation coefficients between the sampling points on the river Saale for the heavy metals cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, nickel, and zinc...

In 140 water samples from the river Saale, sampled from 1986 to 1988 according to the technique described in Section 8.1.1.1, the heavy metals iron and zinc were determined using flame AAS and lead, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, and nickel by AAS with electrothermal atomization in the soluble fraction (particle diameter <0.45 pm). The sampling points, located in Thuringia (Germany), are illustrated in Fig. 8-7. The method of standard addition, with three additions, was used to minimize matrix effects. The components ammonium, chloride, magnesium, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, oxygen,... 

The mean values of the heavy metal concentrations in the river Saale are demonstrated in Tab. 8-5. 

Application of Factor Analysis to Samples Taken from the River Saale in the Summer... 

Fig. 8-8. Representation of the scores of the factors for the river Saale as a function of the distance of flow...

The scores of the first factor increase remarkably after discharge from the Sormitz tributary because of the entry of Co- and Ni-containing fine-grained slate particles. In comparison, no significant Co- or Ni-enrichment is detectable in the flowing river water (see Fig. 8-8). The slate particles are only very poorly soluble and a strong dilution effect takes place after the discharge of the Sormitz into the Saale. These results... 

Ion Simulated water Measured concentrations in the river Saale Concentration range of quality class 2-3 [TGL 22764, 1981]... 

In rivers, such as the Tagus, Elbe, Saale, Schwartza, etc., as you may learn from the gold washers. 

Devai, I., Patrick WH Jr., Neue H-U et al. (2005) Methyl mercury and heavy metal content in soils of rivers Saale and Elbe (Germany). Anal Letts, 38 (6), 1037-1048. 

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