Ruminants protein

Nocek, J.E. (1988) In situ, and other methods to estimate ruminal protein and energy digestibility. A review. Journal of Dairy Science 71, 2051-2069. 

Poos, M.I. T.L. Hanson T.J. Klopfenstein. Monensin effect on diet digestibility, ruminal protein bypass and microbial protein synthesis./. Anim. Sci. 1979, 45, 1516-1524. 

Chen F-C, Hsieh Y-HP, Bridgman RC (2004). Monoclonal antibody-based sandwich enz3mie-linked immunosorbent assay for sensitive detection of prohibited ruminant proteins in feedstuffs. J. Food Prot., 67(3) 544—549. 

G. F. Tremblay, G. A. Broderick, S. M. Abrams, D. Pageau. Determination of ruminal protein degradability in roasted soybeans using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy.in Agronomy Abstracts. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, WI1994, p. 194. 

Calsamiglia S, Busquet M, Cardozo PW, CastUlejos L, Ferret A (2007) Invited review, essential oils as modifiers of rumen microhial fermentation. J Dairy Sci 90 2580-2595 Cardozo PW, Calsamiglia S, Ferret A, Kamel C (2004) Effects of natural plant extracts on ruminal protein degradation and fermentation profiles in continuous culture. J Anim Sci 82 3230-3236 Cardozo PW, Calsamiglia S, Ferret A, Kamel C (2005) Screening for the effects of natural plant extracts at different pH on in vitro rumen microbial fermentation of a high-concentrate diet for beef cattle. J Anim Sd 83 2572-2597... 

In conclusion, xylose treatment generally reduced ruminal protein degradability and might increase the metabolisable protein value of barley, wheat and peas. Xylose treatment reduced the ruminal starch degradabihty, but this was not associated with increased starch digestion in the small intestine. In contrast, the total tract digestibility of starch was reduced for cereals. 

In vitro methods to determine rate and extent of ruminal protein degradation ... 

Use of proteolytic enzymes to estimate of ruminal protein degradability... 

Despite some success in using cell-free proteases to predict extent of in situ degradability, clearly these enzymes, as applied thus far, have not captured many of the important characteristics of the activities of ruminal organisms that determine rates and extents of ruminal protein degradation. Mohamed and Chaudhry (2008) have published a thorough review that discusses many of the approaches using proteases to estimate ruminal protein degradability. 

Abdelgadir, I.E.O., R.C. Cochran, E.C. Titgemeyer and E.S. Vanzant, 1997. In vitro determination of ruminal protein degradability of alfalfa and prairie hay via a commercial protease in the presence or absence of cellulase or... 

Broderick, G. A, 1978. In vitro procedures for estimating rates of ruminal protein degradation and proportions of protein escaping the rumen undegraded. J. Nutr. 108, 181-190. 

Broderick, G. A., P. Uden, M.L. Murphy and A. Lapins, 2004b. Sources of variation in rates of in vitro ruminal protein degradation. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 1345-1359. 

Hristov, A. and G.A. Broderick, 1994. In vitro determination of ruminal protein degradability using [15N]-ammonia to correct for microbial nitrogen uptake. J. Anim. Sci. 72, 1344-1353. 

Poos-Floyd, M., T. Klopfenstein and R.A. Britton, 1985. Evaluation of laboratory techniques for predicting ruminal protein degradation. J. Dairy Sci. 68, 829-839. 

Tremblay, G.F., G.A. Broderick and S.M. Abrams, 1996. Estimating ruminal protein degradation of roasted soybeans using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. J. Dairy Sci. 79, 276-282. 

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