Rubber nanocomposites fiber properties

Siqueira, G., Tapin-Lingua, S., Bias, J., da Silva Perez, D., Dufresne, A. (2011). Mechanical properties of natural rubber nanocomposites reinforced with cellulosic nanoparticles obtained from combined mechanical shearing, and enzymatic and acid hydrolysis of sisal fibers. (1), 57-65. 

Rubber nanocomposites have attracted great interest for the past few years due to their unique physical and chemical properties [17]. The properties of rubber nanocomposites can be modified with various nanoparticles. There are a lot of types and shapes of the nanofillers like silica, Ti02, POSS, nanocrystals, other oxides (three-dimensional) carbon nanotubes, metallic fibers (two-dimensional) and clays, modified clays or graphene (one-dimensional). 

Meera, A., Thomas P, S., Thomas, S. Effect of organoclay on the gas barrier properties of natural rubber nanocomposites. Polymer Composites. 2012, 33, 524-531. Majeed, K., Jawaid, M., Hassan, A., AbuBakar, A.,Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., Salema, A. A., Inuwa, I. Potential materials for food packaging from nanoclay/natural fibers filled hybrid composites. Mater Design. 2013,46, 391 10. 

Micron-sized fillers, such as glass fibers, carbonfibers, carbon black, talc, and micronsized silica particles have been considered as conventional fillers. Polymer composites filled with conventional fillers have been widely investigated by both academic and industrial researchers. A wide spectrum of archival reports is available on how these fillers impact the properties. As expected, various fundamental issues of interest to nanocomposites research, such as the state of filler dispersion, filler-matrix interactions, and processing methods, have already been widely analyzed and documented in the context of conventional composites, especially those of carbon black and silica-filled rubber compounds [16], It is worth mentioning that carbon black (CB) could not be considered as a nanofiller. There appears to be a general tendency in contemporary literature to designate CB as a nanofiller - apparently derived from... 

Abstract This chapter deals with the non-linear viscoelastic behaviour of rubber-rubber blend composites and nanocomposites with fillers of different particle size. The dynamic viscoelastic behaviour of the composites has been discussed with reference to the filler geometry, distribution, size and loading. The filler characteristics such as particle size, geometry, specific surface area and the surface structural features are found to be the key parameters influencing the Payne effect. Non-Unear decrease of storage modulus with increasing strain has been observed for the unfilled vulcanizates. The addition of spherical or near-spherical filler particles always increase the level of both the linear and the non-linear viscoelastic properties. However, the addition of high-aspect-ratio, fiber-like fillers increase the elasticity as well as the viscosity. 

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