Rubber nanocomposites calcium carbonate

Natural Rubber-Based Calcium Carbonate Nanocomposites... 

Recently, several metal oxides apart from silica have been investigated and reported for mbber-based nanocomposites. Some important and commercially meaningful oxides used in rubber are zinc oxide (ZnO), magnesium hydroxide (MH), calcium carbonate, zirconate, iron oxide, etc. 

NR composites and nanocomposites can be fabricated by three main techniques, namely latex compounding, solution mixing and melt blending. A variety of nanofillers, such as carbon black, silica, carbon nanotubes, graphene, calcium carbonate, organomodified clay, reclaimed rubber powder, recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) powder, cellulose whiskers, starch nanocrystals, etc. have been used to reinforce NR composites and nanocomposites over the past two decades. In this chapter, we discuss the preparation and properties of NR composites and nanocomposites from the viewpoint of nanofillers. We divide nanofillers into four different types conventional fillers, natural fillers, metal or compound fillers and hybrid fillers, and the following discussion is based on this classification. 

Micro and Nano Calcium Carbonate Filled Natural Rubber Composites and Nanocomposites... 

The thermal stability of calcium carbonate (CaC03) nanoparticles on polybutadiene rubber (PBR) were studied by Shimpi and Mishra [105]. They observed that the incorporation of nano CaCOs in PBR shows better thermal stability. At 12 wt% of nano CaCOs (21, 15, and 9 nm) filled in PBR shows decomposition temperature at 491, 483, and 472 °C, respectively. At 4 wt% loading of filler, decomposition temperature is observed to be 488,480,450 °C for nano CaCOs (21, 15, and 9 nm), respectively. This enhancement in thermal stability is due to uniform dispersion of nano CaCOs throughout the matrix that keeps the rubber chains intact on cross-linking, which prevent out diffusion of the volatile decomposition product [106]. The presence of nanoinorganic particles in between the mbber chains is responsible for preventing the diffusion of the volatile decomposition products firom the mbber nanocomposites at same time. It is clear that nanoinorganic filler provides better thermal stability as compared with commercial micron size filler. 

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