Rubber binder viscosity

Another way of reducing the temperature of vulcanization of rubber binder is regulation of the micro structure and viscosity of the dienic oligomer. We know that liquid dienic rubbers are the macromolecules of oligomers withl,4-cis-, 1,4-trans-, and 1,2-vinyl- links with viscosities from 0.4 up to 10 Pac. It was found experimentally that production of cold-cured RubCon is possible if the content of 1,4-cis- links in a macromolecule of rubber is more than 65%, and the viscosity of the polymer is more than 17 Pa c. Increasing the viscosity of rubber up to 7 Pa c leads to lowering of the structurization temperature from 125°C to 60°C. 

Lead powder can be combined with many binders [5.165], [5.166], It does not affect the stability or viscosity of the paint. Binders that absorb only small amounts of water are particularly suitable (e.g., epoxy resins, chlorinated rubber). When formulating paints based on lead powder, care must be taken not to dilute it with other pigments and extenders by more than 5 vol%. 

Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) can be produced by such reactions. Low-molecular-weight (3000-10,000) versions of such elastomers are used as binders and liquid rubbers, which can be shaped more easily than the conventional high-viscosity elastomers. The liquid rubbers can be vulcanized by reactions of their specific end groups. Hydroxyl-ended... 

Crumb rubber can be used to modify the asphalt binder (for instance, to increase its viscosity) in a process in which the rubber is blended with asphalt binder (usually in the range of 18-25% rubber)... 

Composition. The binder consists of ca. 65 % chlorinated rubber (usually low-viscosity grades) and ca. 35% plasticizer. Chlorinated paraffins are delivered by ICI (Cereclor) and Clariant, Muttens (CH). Special nonhydrolyzable plasticizers may be... 

According to AC 150/5370-10F, Item P-402 (FAA 2011b), the binder should be viscosity-graded bitumen (asphalt cement) with a synthetic rubber (polymer) added at a percentage of not less than 2%, by mass of bitumen. The properties of the modified bitumen should comply with the requirements of Table 5.21. 

Thermoplastic rubber is a relatively new class of polymer. It has the solubility and thermoplasticity of polystyrene, while at ambient temperatures it has the toughness and resilience of vulcanized natural rubber or polybutadiene. These rubbers are actually block copolymers. The simplest form consists of a rubbery mid-block with two plastic end blocks (A-B-A), as shown in Figure 5.7. Examples of commercial products are Kraton and Solprene . These materials are often compounded with plasticizers to decrease hardness and modulus, eliminate drawing, enhance pressure-sensitive tack, improve low-temperature flexibility, reduce melt and solution viscosity, decrease cohesive strength or increase plasticity if desired, and substantially lower material costs. Low levels of thermoplastic rubbers are sometimes added to other rubber adhesives. These materials are used as components in the following applications PSAs, hot-melt adhesives, heat-activated-assembly adhesives, contact adhesives, reactive contact adhesives, building construction adhesives, sealants, and binders. Two common varieties of thermoplastic rubber adhesives are styrene-butadiene-styrene (S-B-S) and styrene-isoprene-styrene (S-I-S). ... 

The positive electrode is produced as follows the LiCo02 powder of the positive active material and carhon black conducting agent are mixed with an N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) solution of PVDF binder to make a paste of appropriate viscosity. A mixture of water and carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC), with styrene butadiene rubber (SBR, used as a binding agent), is also used for making such paste. 

Since the scrap rubber was highly crosslinked during vulcanization, the rubber particles are not soluble In asphalt even at high temperatures. Thus, RACs containing 5% rubber can be produced with very modest Increases in the high temperature viscosity. However, the rubber particles are swollen as components of the asphalt mixture are imbibed and at the concentrations of rubber additive proposed by the ISTEA legislation, a substantial increase in the viscosities of the binders Is observed (Table 3). Crumb rubber particles enhance the viscosity more... 

The rubber content of the RAC mixtures shown in Figure 3 was set at 10 wt% to allow more direct comparison with Novaphalt. The absolute values of G" of the PR modified AC-10 binder are comparable to that of the standard Novaphalt ac-10 and are superior to those of the higher viscosity grade AC-30 binder. At high frequencies, the properties of the CR/AC-10 mixture fall below those exhibited by... 

As one might expect, vulcanized rubber can also Improve elasticity (Increase the storage modulus) of the asphalt binder and strengthen the asphalt - aggregate bond at high temperatures. A comparison of G7sin 6, G", a characteristic ratio, and high temperature viscosity for a series of rubber mixtures prepared from AC-10 and... 

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