Rose polymer-based

Some of the older polymer institutions grew, such as the rubber and polymer based institute at the University of Akron, which was formed in the 1940 s, and where Maurice Morton took the Directorship in 1954. Others remained essentially the same and still others slipped. "Brooklyn Poly", the center of academic polymer chemistry in the USA in the 1940 s and 1950 s remained as such but became less dominant because a number of their excellent staff left to found other institutes. For instance, Charles Over-berger, who rose to Dean of Science and Director of the Polymer Research Institute, left in 1967 to take the chairmanship of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Michigan where he helped found their macromolecular based institute. 

Krulevitch, P., Benett, W., Hamilton, J., Maghribi, M., Rose, K., Polymer-based packaging platform for hybrid microfluidic systems. Biomed. Microdevices 2002, 4(4), 301-308. 

A polymer based Rose Bengal has also been reported (jO). In our experiments we also developed liquid (polymer inHaenzene solution)-solid phase (dye sensitizer deposited on the surface of silica gel)system (Pig.5). 

Polymer based rose bengals were first reported by Neckers and his coworkers in 1973 (13). ( -rose bengal was the first— and it remains the only—important polymer based photosensitizer. Three properties make it useful ... 

We observed that if an amine is used as the cation at C-6, it has significant influence on the quantum yield of singlet oxygen formation from the polymer-based reagent. The observed efficiency of singlet oxygen formation from -rose bengals in which different ammonium ions are substituted at C-6 is shown in Table V. 

Rose et al. demonstrated ultratrace detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) vapors (which are of interest for the detection of buried landmines) by semiconduaing polymer-based optical sensors. The detection mechanism process involves electron transfer from the electron-rich polymer (and a subsequent quenching of its fluorescence) to the analyte, due to the electron-deficient, acidic nature of these analytes. The emission quenching is enhanced as exdtons rapidly difluse within a ptolymer chain, probing multiple sites... 

Rose A, Lugmair CG, Swager TM (2001) Excited-state lifetime modulation in triphenylene-based conjugated polymers. J Am Chem Soc 123 11298-11299... 

Khoe Robins, 1989 Bottero et ak, 1991 1994, Tchoubar et ak, 1991 Rose et ak 1997 Doelsch et ak 2000). Johnston and Lewis (1986) separated the species in partly neutralized 0.1 M Fe(N03)3 solutions into different molecular weight fractions by ul-trafiltration (Amicon DiafQters) and examined each fraction with Mossbauer spectroscopy. In all fractions Fe was octahedrally coordinated. Monomers and dimers predominated in the <500 fraction when no base was added. As OH/Fe increased to 0.5, the proportion of polymer species (MW >500) increased from 12 to 44% and at OH/... 

It was our intention when this new work began to outline, more fully, the effect of the polymeric structure on the effectiveness of rose bengal as a photosensitizer and to compare the behavior of the polymer-bound dye to the behavior of the dye - free - in solution. In the present paper, therefore, we report on the photochemical and spectral properties of new singlet oxygen sensitizers based on soluble polystyrenes. These new derivatives are referred to as P -RB. 

In 1956 Rose (19) reported that oxetane and 3,3-dimethyl oxetane, when treated with typical cationic initiators, form mixtures of polymer and cyclic tetramer (16-membered rings). Increase of the temperature increases the proportion of tetramer in the reaction products. Oxetane for example gives 4% of tetramer at —80 °C but at 50 °C 66% of the reaction products was tetramer (total tetramer yield based on monomer 42%). It is not an equilibrium effect, for the final conversion of monomer to polymer and tetra-... 

Johnson et al. (15) reported the first attempt to synthesize PEEK by polycondensation of bisphenolate with activated dihalides using DMSO as a solvent and NaOH as a base. High molecular weight polymers were difficult to obtain due to the crystallinity and the resulting insolubility of polymers in DMSO. To circumvent the solubility problem, Attwood and Rose (16) used diphenyl sulfone as a solvent, and the polymerization was carried out close to the melting point. Victrex PEEK was commercialized by the British company ICI in 1982 using this method. Since its commercialization, this thermoplastic polymer has been used in a wide range of applications, from medicine to the electronic, telecommunications and transport industries (automobile, aeronautic and aerospace) (17,18). 

Comparing the cost of the various concretes shows that at times of low sulfur prices, sulfur concrete can even compete with high-strength cement concrete. The costs of polymer concrete per cubic meter are quite enormous. Yet the substantially higher production costs of polymer concrete have not been considered yet. The prices used for this comparison are based on European conditions. To assess the sulfur concrete costs we used two extreme sulfur prices which had to be paid,in the last years. The total costs of DCP-modified sulfur concrete rose only negligibly with the addition of this plasticizer (Table IX). 

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