Roquette

The 1995 Canadian and United States sugar alcohol (polyol) production is shown in Table 2. The market share of each is also given. Liquids comprise 48% crystalline product comprises 39% and mannitol comprises 13% of the polyol market. An estimate of total U.S. sorbitol capacity for 1995 on a 70% solution basis was 498,000 t. ADM, Decatur, lU., produced 68,200 t Ethichem, Easton, Pa., 13,600 t Lon2a, Mapleton, lU., 45,400 t Roquette America, Gurnee, lU., 68,200 t and SPI Polyols, New Castle, Del., 75,000 t (204). Hoffman-LaRoche, which produces sorbitol for captive usage in the manufacture of Vitamin C (see Vitamins), produced about 27,300 t in 1995. 

Three types of coagulation were considered. The glucono(5)lactone (GDL)-induced coagulation system (GDL system) was prepared by acidification with 1.75 g/L GDL (Roquette, Lestrem, France). The rermet-induced coagulation system (rennet system) was prepared by the addition of calf rennet (SKW, Baupte, France) at 25.6/rg/L of milk. The GDL-I-rermet-induced coagulation system (mixed system) was prepared by acidification with 0.45 g/L GDL for 2h followed by the addition of rennet at 15.4/ig/L of milk. The experimental conditions for each system were selected in order to achieve gelation without syneresis. Coagulation kinetics were performed at 30°C. 

The biorefinery scheme was developed initially for carbohydrate-containing feedstocks. Large biorefineries are currently operating in the USA (e.g., Cargill at Blair, Nebraska) and in Europe (e.g., Roquette Frs. at Lestrem, France). The concept can be extended to produce chemicals from other renewable feedstocks. An integrated production of oleochemicals and biofuels can be achieved in biorefineries using vegetables oils as main feedstock to produce versatile platform mole-... 

For the wet granulation formulation, 2.12% Glucidex 2B (Roquette) was added as binder. 

G. DESCOTES, Universite Claude Bernard, Lyon, France G. FLECHE, Roquette, Lestrem, France L. FORNI, University of Milan, Italy P. GENESTE, University of Montpellier, France... 

Dozol, J.F., Simon, N., Lamare, V., Roquette, H., Eymard, S., Tournois, B., DeMarc, D., Macias, R.M. Solution for Cs removal from high-salinity acidic or alkaline liquid waste The crown calix[4]arenes. Sep. Sci. Technol. (1999), 34 (6 7), 877-909. 

Roquette. 2000. Technical Literature Lycatab C for capsule filling, direct compression and wet granulation. 

Roquette produces more than 600 carbohydrate derivatives worldwide and is now leading a major programme (the BioHub programme, supported by the French Agency for Industrial Innovation) aiming to develop cereal-based biorefineries and, in particular, a portfolio of cereals-based platform chemicals (e.g. isosorbide) for biopolymers, as well as speciality and commodity chemicals production (www.biohub.fr). 

Figure 1.4 Roquette - an example of a phase II biorefinery (Based on Rupp-Dahlem, 2006)...

Powerful groups like American Corn Products and France s Roquette Freres produce starchy matters in this way. The former is also the leading producer of isoglucose (a blend of glucose and fructose) in the United States, while the latter is the largest producer of sorbitol. Starch can, therefore, compete directly with saccharose both for foodstuffs and for industrial uses as a fermentation or enzyme-reaction base. 

Wacker, in which Hoechst had been a partner from the start, also managed to retain its independence, although it was still active in some commodity-type products (acetic acid, vinyl monomers and polymers, and silicon carbide), it chose to emphasize lines that showed greater profitability, such as silicones, hyper pure silicon for semiconductors, and specialty and fine chemicals. In France the well-run starch and derivatives producer Roquette Freres, after a short flirtation with Rhone-Poulenc, was able to recover its autonomy. 

Hydrogen peroxide (30 wt% aqueous solution) was purchased from Prolabo. Calcium gluconate was a gift from Roquette Frfcres SA. Peroxide tests were obtained from Merck. Copper(II) chloride and copper(II) sulphate were purchased from Aldrich. 

Pressen von Treibsatzen moulage des propellants de roquette par pression... 

Acknowledgments This work was supported by a grant from French-Tunisian cooperation project (CMCU n°04S1207). The supply of P-cyclodextrin by Roquette Freres (Lestrem) is gratefully acknowledged. 

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