Rock cycle model

Modeling Earth s Rock Cycle. http //www.carieton.edu/departments/geol/DaveSTELLA/ Rock%20Cycle/rock cycle.htm. 

Figure 10.1 is a generalized model of the rock cycle. Both the sediments and the continental crust are recycled the former by processes of weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, burial, uplift, and re-erosion and the latter by resetting... 

In the last two decades, a great deal of progress has been made in the modeling of the carbon cycle and of parameters related to the formation of carbonate rocks. These models attempt to show quantitatively the interrelated mass relationships... 

Garrels, R. M., and F. T. MacKenzie (1972). A quantitative model for the sedimentary rock cycle. Marine Chem. 1, 27-61. 

The sedimentary rock cycle a simple model for rock formation... 

For a simple model of Ca cycling, where the Ca sources for the ocean are weathering of continental rocks, pore fluids in the marine environment, and ocean floor basalt (Gieskes and Lawrence 1981 Berner etal. 1983 Elderheld etal. 1999), and the primary sink is the biological fixation of Ca into sediments, the rate of change of 5 Ca (= 5sw ) of the oceans is given by ... 

Hildebrand, E.E. and Schack-Kirchner, H. 2000. Initial effects of lime and rock powder application on soil solution chemistry in a dystric cambisol - results of model experiments. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 56 69-78. 

Let us now determine the functional and dynamic characteristics of the fluxes of phosphorus (Table 4.4) based on analysis of existing ideas about their nature. The atmospheric cycle is governed by rock weathering, volcanic eruptions, and by the leaching of phosphorus by precipitation. From available estimates, the content of phosphorus in the lithosphere constitutes 0.093%, and the processes of weathering deliver annually to the atmosphere from 0.67 mgPcm 3 yr 1 to 5.06mgPcm-3 yr-1. Every year, volcanic eruptions contribute to the atmosphere about 0.2 106 tP. Since these processes are complicated and stochastic in nature and their models are absent, as a first approximation fluxes H and //f9 can be considered constant. 

Isotope investigations are used for age determinations, for studying the mode, source and temperature of formation of rocks, minerals and deposits, for determining paleotemperature, and for establishing kinetic models of water cycles in hydrosphere and atmosphere. 

The montmorillonite (Chapter 1, Table 1.2) clay mineral can be used as a model substance in the study of the interfacial processes of rocks and soils. It is a layer silicate, a member of the smectite group. Its structure is appropriate for modeling the most important interfacial processes in geological formations. Besides, it is a fairly widespread mineral in rocks and soils, and plays an important role in the nutrient cycle of soils. In addition, it has many agricultural, industrial, and environmental applications. 

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