Rhizofiltration

Rhizobium Rhizoctoma solani Rhizoctoma spp. Rhizofiltration Rhizopusairhizus Rhizopus delemai Rhizopus nigricans Rhizopusoligo sporus Rhodacal Rhodacaiboranes Rhodamme... 

A Holistic Approach to Phytofiltration of Heavy Metals Recent Advances in Rhizofiltration, Constructed Wetlands, Lagoons, and Bioadsorbent-Based Systems... 

Phytofiltration, a specific strategy of phytoremediation, is the use of plants to remove contaminants from water and aqueous waste streams. Three different systems (Figure 10.1) can be considered within this strategy (a) rhizofiltration (the use of hydroponically cultivated plant roots),31112 (b) constructed wetlands (CWs) and lagoons, and (c) bioadsorbents-based systems.1... 

It is worth noting that there are preparation stages of the plant biomass before they can be used for pollutants removal, in the case of rhizofiltration and bioadsorbents-based systems (Figure 10.2), which may increase the investment and operational costs. On the contrary, the lagoons and CWs are designed to process the influents in one single stage. 

The system or process termed rhizofiltration is the use of hydroponically cultivated plant roots of several terrestrial plants to absorb, concentrate, or precipitate toxic metals from polluted effluents... 

FIGURE 10.2 Preparation and operative stages in rhizofiltration, lagoons, CWs, and biosorbent-based systems. 

Dushenkov, V., Kumar, N.P.B. A., Motto, H., and Raskin, I., Rhizofiltration The use of plants to remove heavy metals from aqueous streams, Environmental Science and Technology, 29, 1239-1245, 1995. 

Verma, K.V., George, H.V., Singh, S.K., Singh, A., Juwarkar, A., and Singh, R.N., Modeling rhizofiltration Heavy-metal uptake by plant roots, Environmental Modeling and Assessment, 11, 387-394, 2006. 

Adsorption of contaminants on roots for containment or removal (rhizofiltration)... 

Rhizobacteria, deleterious, 13 349 Rhizobitoxine, 13 300 Rhizobium-legume associations, in nitrogen fixation, 17 296-298 Rhizofiltration, 3 783-784 defined, 3 759t Rhizopus nigricans, 11 4, 9 Rhizosphere defined, 3 1 bit RHO A-alumina, 2 394-395 Rhodacarborane catalysts, 4 217-218 Rhodamine B... 

Phytotech also developed a related technology, called rhizofiltration, that uses adsorption by plant roots to remove metals from aqueous waste streams. This process involves the use of hydro-ponically grown plants to filter out targeted contaminants. Both technologies are commercially available through Edenspace. 

Phytotech states that rhizofiltration of aqueous wastes contaminated with toxic elements using sunflowers would average 2 to 6 per 1000 gal of waste treated, including disposal costs (D193924, p. 1). The vendor also claims that phytoremediation costs 15 to 25% less than alternative methods used to treat sites contaminated with lead (D19877K, p. 1). 

Rhizoctoma spp. Rhizofiltration Rhizopusarrhizus Rhizopus delemar Rhizopus nigricans Rhizopus oligo sporus... 

Phytoremediation is not yet being used commercially, but results at several field trial suggest that commercialization is not far away. Perhaps the biggest success to date is the successful rhizofiltration of radionuclides from a Department of Energy site at Ashtabula. Ohio, where uranium concentrations of 350 ppb were reduced to less than 5 ppb, well below groundwater standards, by Sunflower roots,... 

Phytoremediation Use of plants for remediation of toxic chemicals. This can be separated into phytoremediation/rhizofiltration, which describes the removal of toxic materials from water, and phytoextraction, which describes the removal of toxic materials from soil by plants. See Arthur, E.L., Rice, P.J., Rice, PJ. et al.. Phytoremediation — an overview, Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 24, 109-122, 2005. 

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