Rheumatoid arthritis drug treatment

Under in vivo conditions, the free thiol has also been found in plasma and urine of patients with rheumatoid arthritis after treatment with the drug. It was also found... 

Camussi G, Lupia E (1998) The future role of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) products in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs 55(5) 613—620... 

Mikuls TR, Moreland LW. Benefit-risk assessment of infliximab in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Saf 2003 26(l) 23-32. 

Valdecoxib is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) that inhibits inflammation, pain, and fever, probably by inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). It is indicated in the relief of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and adult rheumatoid arthritis and treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. 

Chloroquine and other aminoquinolines are used in the prophylaxis or therapy of malaria and other parasitic diseases. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are also used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drugs in this class include chloroquine phosphate (Aralen ), amodiaquine hydrochloride (Camoquin ), hydroxychloroquine sulfate (Plaquenil ), mefloquine (Lariam" ), primaquine phosphate, and quinacrine hydrochloride (Atabrine ). Chloroquine overdose is common, especially in countries where malaria is prevalent, and the mortality rate is 10-30%. Quinine toxicity is described on p 326. 

Ramasamy, Thiruganesh, Hima Bindu Ruttala, Suresh Shaiunugam, Subbiah Kandasamy Umadevi. Eudragit-coated aceclofenac-loaded pectin microspheres in chronopharmacological treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Delivery 20, no. 2 (2013), 65-77. 

MTX is part of curative therapeutic schedules for acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL), Burkitt s lymphoma, and choriocarcinoma. It was also used in adjuvant therapy of breast cancer. High dose MTX with leucovorin rescue can induce about 30% remissions in patients with metastatic osteogenic sarcoma. MTX is one of the few antineoplastic drugs that can be safely administered intrathecally for the treatment of meningeal metastases and leukemic infiltrations (routine prophylaxis in ALL). In addition, MTX can be used as an immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. 

The salicylates and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) are important in the treatment of arthritic conditions. For example, the salicylates and NSAIDs are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (a chronic disease characterized by inflammatory changes within the body s connective tissue) and osteoarthritis (a noninflammatory joint disease resulting in degeneration of the articular cartilage and... 

Promoting an Optimal Response to Therapy The patient with a musculoskeletal disorder may be in acute pain or have longstanding mild to moderate pain, which can be just as difficult to tolerate as severe pain. Along with pain, there may be skeletal deformities, such as the joint deformities seen with advanced rheumatoid arthritis. For many musculoskeletal conditions, drug therapy is a major treatment modality. Therapy with these drugs may keep the disorder under control (eg, therapy for gout), improve the patient s ability to carry out the activities of daily living, or make the pain and discomfort tolerable. 

Brown, D.H. and Smith, W.E. (1980) The chemistry of the gold drugs used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Chemical Society Reviews, 9, 217-239. 

Despite the importance of Au(I) thiolates for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory disorders, little is known of how the structures of these drugs are affected while being biologically active. 

Megraud F, Lamouliatte H. The treatment of refractory Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003 17 1333-1343. Silverstein FE, Graham DY, Senior IR, et al. Misoprostol reduces serious gastrointestinal complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1995 123 241-249. 

FIGURE 4-1. Algorithm for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. (DMARD, diseasemodifying antirheumatic drug MIX, methotrexate NSAID, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug Rx, therapy.)... 

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