Reticulate doping

Polycarbonate films with a typical thickness of 10-15 qm containing 2 wt% of molecularly dispersed BET-TIE are cast following the modified reticulate doping technique (MRDT) (Laukhina et al, 1995) as illustrated in Eig. 3.21. Then the surfaces of the samples are treated with the vapour of a Br2/CH2Cl2 solution. 

Laukhina EE, Merzhanov VA, Pesotskii SI, Khomenko AG, Yagubskii EB, Ulanski J, Kryszewski M, Jeszka JK (1995) Superconductivity in reticulate doped polycarbonate films, containing (BEDT-TTE)2l3. Synth Met 70 797-800... 

Inclusion in polymer matrices is another way to prepare continuous conducting films. The reticulate doping technique was applied by Laukhina et and Mas-Torrent et to produce organic con-... 

Fig. 2. Change of polymer concentration and resistance as function of time during reticulate doping of polycarbonate with TTT-TCNQ in o-dichlorobenzene at 150°C. xhange of resistance t=j change of concentration in w/w %...

The crystallization kinetics are different from reticulate doping of soluble CT-complexes where crystallization is very rapid and starts at the onset of supersaturation. An example for is shown in Fig. 2 for soluble TTT-TCNQ. 

Superconducting thin films of C(j-(ET)2l3 are prepared by annealing the reticulate-doped polycarbonate films containing 2 wt% of BEDT-TTF iodide crystalline network at 130°C for more than 20 min. The films show metallic conductivity with a resistivity drop at 5 K which is suppressed by a magnetic field, but no zero resistance is achieved. ... 

W. B. Genetti, R. J. Lamirand, and B. P. Grady. Wide-angle X-ray scattering study of crystalline orientation in reticulate-doped polymer composites. /. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70 (9), 1785-1794 (1998). 

In the case of the direct electrochemical approach, while the electrolysis conditions are less severe, the selection of the appropriate electrode material is still very important, and further reading on the use of stainless steel [93], platinum [94], graphite [95], doped Sn02 [92], doped Pb02 [86, 87, 96], and so on, is suggested. The economic viability of the electrochemical treatment approach is influenced in no small way by the cost and lifetime of the anode material this can easily make or break the field implementation of the process. Some authors have used high-surface area, porous anodes for cyanide treatment in order to combat the problems of mass-transport limitations so evident at cyanide concentrations below 100 ppm [88]. That system consists of a reticulated vitreous carbon porous anode that was activated for cyanide oxidation by the deposition of some copper oxide. The process looks very promising at the laboratory scale,... 

A thin-layer cell is fabricated based on two optically transparent windows. The thickness of the electrolyte layer is dictated by the thickness of the optically transparent working electrode, usually a gold minigrid, indium-doped tin-oxide-coated glass slide or a reticulated vitreous carbon slice. This approach is not surface-sensitive, and it is effectively restricted to nonaqueous solvents, because the minimum electrolyte thicknesses that can be achieved cause severe attenuation in the IR beam. 

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