Resonance fluctuation

The adsorption of a gas on a surface is a consequence of the field force at the surface of the solid, called the adsorbent, which attracts the molecules of the gas or vapor, called the adsorbate. The origin of the physisorption of gas molecules on the surface of a solid is resonant fluctuations of the charge distributions, which are therefore called dispersive interactions or van der Waals interactions (Figure 5.12). 

Keng D, McAnanama SR, Teraoka I et al (2007) Resonance fluctuations of a whispering gallery mode biosensor by particles undergoing Brownian motion. Appl Phys Lett 91 103902... 

System (A8.2)-(A8.4) defines completely the time variation of orientation and angular velocity for every path X(t). One can easily see that (A8.2)-(A8.4) describe the system with parametrical modulation, as the X(t) variation is an input noise and does not depend on behaviour of the solution of (Q(t), co(r). In other words, the back reaction of the rotator to the collective motion of the closest neighbourhood is neglected. Since the spectrum of fluctuations X(t) does not possess a carrying frequency, in principle, for the rotator the conditions of parametrical resonance and excitation (unrestricted heating of rotational degrees of freedom) are always fulfilled. In reality the thermal equilibrium is provided by dissipation of rotational energy from the rotator to the environment and... 

The interatomic distances found are V—S = 2.186 0.040 A and Cu—S — 2.285 i 0.014 A. The Cu—S distance is somewhat smaller than the sum of the tetrahedral radii2) for sulfur and univalent copper, 2.39 A. As in the case of chalcopyrite, this probably indicates that the valence states are not well defined as CuIiVvSi, but fluctuate, the copper resonating between cuprous and cupric states and the vanadium between quinquivalent and lower states. 

FIGURE 34.3 Electron energy diagram. A fluctuation of the solvent polarization brings the energy levels and to the resonance position. After the electron transfer, the occupied energy level relaxes to its equilibrium position for the reduced form Ared-... 

A significant increase in J (0) is observed for the NH resonances of some residues located in the A and G helices of the folded protein (upper panel of Fig. 8) and is associated with fluctuations on a /jls-ms time scale that probably arise from transient, native-like contacts between these distant regions of the polypeptide chain. These results have been confirmed... 

In this case the preparation of the barrier is performed mainly by the quantum fluctuations of the tunneling particle in the transverse direction. Note that the width of the distribution here is l/ /2 of that in the distribution function for the coordinates qp. This is due to the fact that in this case the fluctuations of the particle are of quantum character and a coherent averaging of the resonance... 

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