Resist photomicrographs

FIGURE 19.15 A photomicrograph of the cross section of the mother-of-pearl lining a mollusk shell. The composite material making up mother-nf-pearl consists of flat crystals of calcium carbonate embedded in a tough, flexible organic matrix that resists cracking. 

Figure 25. Electron photomicrographs of AZ1350J resist films doped with imidazole. One film has been subjected to the standard process (b) and the other to the reversal process (a).

Figure 38. Optical photomicrograph of swollen images in an experimental, negative optical resist demonstrating the snaking phenomenon. Stress relief in long, narrow resist lines is achieved by the obvious, oscillatory...

A photomicrograph of a Ihcrmal probe is shown in Figure 31-16. The most common type of thermal probe is the resistive probe based on a Wollaston wire. This... 

Figure 3.1. Electron photomicrograph (transmission) of an ultrathin section of a mechanically blended impact-resistant polystyrene, showing well-defined, but irregular, rubber particles. (Matsuo, 1968.)...

Liquid food ingredients encapsulated traditionally have been oil-soluble flavors, spices, and vitamins. However, in recent years, the encapsulation of 3-n polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for improved cardiovascular health has received much interest recently. Fish oils contain desired PUFAs and are microencapsulated in order to increase resistance of the PUFAs to oxidation. Encapsulation also provides taste-masking. A human feeding study established that the ra-3 PUFAs in a microencapsulated fish oil have the same desired effect on platlet ra-3 fatty acid profile as unencapsulated fish oil (64). Figure 12 is a photomicrograph of commercial capsules loaded with PUFAs. 

A photomicrograph of a thermal probe is shown in Figure 31-16. The most common type of thermal probe is the resistive probe based on a Wollaston wire. Thb wire has a thick coating of silver on top of a thin core of platinum or a platinum-rhodium alloy. At the tip of the probe, the silver is etched away to expose the bare wire. Micromachined probes have also been developed. With these probes, almost all of the electrical resistance is located at the tip. As a result, when an electric current is applied, only the tip becomes hot. The electrical resistance of the tip is also a measure of the temperature. 

Microfabricated versions of the multibed preconcentrator shown in Figure 5.10 are under development. Examples are shown in the photomicrographs of Figure 5.29. The deep-etched silicon structures hold beads of the adsorbent materials. After sample collection, the silicon structures are resistively heated to inject the sample into a microfabricated column. These MEMS preconcentrators are designed to quantitatively collect 30-50 volatile target compounds from 250-500-cm air samples. No performance data are available at this time. 

FIGURE 5.29 Photomicrographs of microfabricated preconcentrator using deep-etched silicon slats or posts to hold carbon beads and to resistively heat beads for sample injection. 

Fig. 32.12 Photomicrographs comparing resist patterns, (a) Resist imaged with no discharge layer image distortion observed, (b) Resist imaged with a water-soluble polyaniline topcoat no image distortion is observed. (From Ref. 49.)...

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