Resin usage

Currendy, epoxy resins (qv) constitute over 90% of the matrix resin material used in advanced composites. The total usage of advanced composites is expected to grow to around 45,500 t by the year 2000, with the total resin usage around 18,000 t in 2000. Epoxy resins are expected to stiH constitute about 80% of the total matrix-resin-systems market in 2000. The largest share of the remaining market will be divided between bismaleimides and polyimide systems (12 to 15%) and what are classified as other polymers, including thermoplastics and thermoset resins other than epoxies, bismaleimides, cyanate esters, and polyimide systems (see Composites,polymer-matrix-thermoplastics). 

It is imperative that the processor utilize every advantage available to ensure success since the specification of equipment in an extrusion line also affects resin usage and labor. Thus, it is always more cost effective in the long run to design and install an extrusion line that (1) has a maximum rate capability of at least 25% more than the expected maximum rate, and (2) has a properly engineered line (that might have a higher capital cost) to achieve maximum profitability. 

Philippou also experimented with wood particles preoxidized with nitrogen oxide-oxygen by using furfuryl alcohol acid polymer as cross-linking agent and maleic acid as catalyst. He obtained particle board with IB values of 43-159 psi and 9-20% swelling in a 2-h boil test at 0.70-0.77 g/cm densities and 7.5% resin usage 84, 86). The procedure does not differ much in principle from the one where furfuryl alcohol monomer was used. 

These figures are summarized in Table IV which gives an estimate for plastic resin usage from 1982 to 1988. This represents a 6.2%/year growth, but 1982 was a depressed sales year. Growth would be 4%/year if estimated from 1981. This rate is in line with expected... 

The use of such cationic promoters is not restricted to use with anionic resins. Benefits such as reduced resin usage or higher dry strength values have also been seen when used with cationic resins. An example of this occurred in a European tissue mill, which was using a dry strength resin to improve the sofmess of its toilet tissue. The addition of 1 kg/t of a cationic polyamine reduced resin usage by 40%, for the same physical results. Collateral benefits were increased drainage, improved runnability and increased felt life. 

Estimates of market size were obtained from private industry sources. Published information on amino resin usage bundles other end uses and does not permit any reasonable estimates of market size. 

One problem that is often overlooked when considering bags or Gaylords is the fact that after they are used, they must be disposed of The solid waste disposal problem presents quite a housekeeping challenge and is very labor intensive. The problem grows in direct proportion to resin usage, but at some point, economics dictate the switch to bulk delivery of material, which eliminates the inefficiency associated with manual methods. 

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