Reproductive issues infertility

Lactation is a basic period in mammalian reproduction, and the breast, its function, and pathology have a very important place in medicine and society. In developed countries breast cancer is the most important issue, far more important than nonlactational galactorrhea it is frequently related to infertility or unsuccessful breastfeeding and is a major health concern among women. 

An initial evaluation of male infertility should include a detailed history and physical examination with special emphasis on the reproductive organs for evidence of proper androgenization. The history must include prescribed medications, recreational and performance-enhancing drug and alcohol use, systemic illnesses, and potential toxin exposure. A sexual history should include sexual technique and frequency of intercourse. Issues of potency must be distinguished from those of infertility or subfertiHty. 

Reproductive hazards — A large number of workplace chemicals, physical and biological, can damage reproductive systems resulting in infertility, spontaneous abortion, developmental impairment or death in an embryo, fetus or child. In the past, OSHA has issued a limited number of rules that acknowledge and provide partial protection from reproductive risks. OSHA is currently developing an action plan to reduce worker exposures to reproductive hazards. 

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