Repeatability screen-printed electrodes

Direct binding of the ion-selective component to the electrode has also been studied. For example, graphite combined with an antimony compound has been screen printed and the resultant electrodes shown to give selective responses to sulphide ion in simulated wastewater samples (0.01-0.7 mM sulphide) with high stability to repeated testing and low interference from other compounds [31]. 

In the wet process a slip carrying the ceramic powder is laid down, by screenprinting for example, onto a temporary carrier such as a glass tile. The process can be repeated to build up the required thickness of the dielectric onto which the electrodes are screen-printed. The next dielectric layer is then laid down and the process repeated. The mutlilayer structure is diced as described above, and the individual chips removed from the tile for the subsequent stages, as for the dry process. 

The BaCeo.gYo.2O3 electrolyte was deposited on a Pd film by pulse laser deposition. Then, the perovskite cathode paste was screen printed on the coated Pd structure and dried by a heat gun. This procedure was repeated three times to make a complete cathode layer that is 30 pm thick. The size of the Pd film was 15 x 15 mm. The electrolyte and electrode were coated on the Pd film as a circle 6 mm in diameter to make an effective fuel cell area of0.283 cm. The pulse laser deposition apparatus is shown in Fig. 14.5. Two types of test cells, cell A and cell B, were prepared for comparison. Their characteristics are summarized in Table 14.2. 

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