Renal histology

N5. Nossent, J. C., Henzen-Logman, S. C., Vroom, T. M., Huysen, V., Berden, J. H.,andSwaak, A. J., Relation between serological data at the time of biopsy and renal histology in lupus nephritis. Rheumatol. Int. 11, 77-82 (1991). 

A 58-year-old woman developed acute renal insufficiency soon after a 7-day course of cefdinir 300 mg/day for acute bronchitis. Renal histology showed tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis accompanied by moderate lymphocyte infiltration. A lymphocyte stimulation test with cefdinir was positive. Serum creatinine concentrations continued to rise even after withdrawal of cefdinir, but steroid therapy normalized renal function. 

There were higher than expected serum tacrohmus concentrations in most patients, and the highest concentrations were detected 1.6 days before the peak serum creatinine. However, renal histological lesions were independent of tacrolimus dosage or blood concentrations (77). 

Gaber LW, Moore LW, Reed L, Russell W, AUoway R, Hathaway D, Shokouh-Amiri MH, Gaber AO. Renal histology tvith varying FK506 blood levels. Transplant Proc I997 29(I-2) I86. 

ANCA-3. Hauer HA, Bajema IM, van Houwelingen HC, Ferrario F, Noel LH, Waldherr R, Jayne DR, Rasmussen N, Bruijn JA, Hagen BC renal histology in ANCA-associated vasculitis differences between diagnostic and serologic subgroups. Kidney Int 2002 61 80-90. 

Tacrolimus causes acute reversible renal dysfunction in renal [661-663,667], hver [290,664-666,679,680], heart [681-683] and pulmonary [684, 685] transplant recipients and in patients with immunologically mediated diseases [686]. Tacrolimus-induced GFR and RBF decrease is associated with an important increase in renal vascular resistance, both in humans and rodents [63,679,687-692]. Calcium channel blockers improved renal function in TAC-treated liver transplant recipients [693] and in animal models of TAC nephrotoxicity [689,694-6%]. Tacrohmus acute nephrotoxicity, similar to CSA, shows normal renal histology or non-specific changes such as isometric cytoplasmic vacuolation in tubular epithelial cells, microcalcification, giant mitochondria and lysosomes, and necrosis and early hyahnosis of individual smooth muscle cells in the afferent arterioles, which revert with drug reduction or discontinuation [697-699]. 

Age Similar renal histological damage in mice of age 5, 15, 25 days old as compared with adult mice in spite of having an increasing accumulation of C-DCVC in kidney with respect to age Unknown No change in kidney (3-lyase activity with respect to age... 

Information about chronic CsA nephrotoxicity in liver transplantation is scanty, with few papers analyzing renal histology. In a similar way to heart transplantation different authors reported an early and marked glomerular filtration rate decrease with a ten-... 

The role of cytokines in anti-CD3-mAb-mediated nephropathy was analyzed by pretreating mice with either neutralizing anti-TNF antibodies or mPDS [156]. The histologic lesions and the renal excretion of endopeptidase 24.11 were moderately prevented by anti-TNF antibodies, suggesting the involvement of other mediators, which could act in synergy with TNF-a. In support of this view, steroid pretreatment before anti-CD3 challenge almost completely abohshed IL-2, TNF-a and IL6 release and resulted in preservation of renal histology. 

Another complication of organic acidemias is renal tubular acidosis with hyperuricemia leading to chronic renal impairment and eventually to renal failure [7,13, 24] (Box 17.2). This appears to be especially prominent in individuals with MMA however, renal disease and failure has been reported in both newborns and adults with propionic acidemia [36-38]. Renal histology... 

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