Regulatory dimension

The emancipatory-regulatory dimension classifies the space along a continuum which, at the emancipatory end, emphasises new and revolutionary initiatives in tourism system thinking. Studies at the other regulatory pole effectively preserve power relations and promote efficient business practices. 

Software tools do not require validation if they are incidental to the creation of regulated records that are subsequently maintained in traditional paper-based systems. Examples include word processors that essentially act as typewriters, and project scheduling tools that do not have a regulatory dimension. Software that provides record storage and retrieval facilities for incidental records would be treated like traditional file cabinets. Overall reliability and trustworthiness would derive primarily from well-established and generally accepted procedures and control for paper records. 

The framework for data collection, as depicted in Figure 2.1, lays down the focus and scope of this study. The regulation of human pharmaceuticals, as addressed in this study, has four dimensions administrative elements, regulatory functions, technical elements and level of regulation. As well as capturing the various dimensions of dmg regulation, this framework allows for comparison of dmg regulation between countries. 

The first component h2/Z) is the period of time required to traverse a distance b in any direction, whereas the second term/ (alb) strongly depends on the dimension-ahty. Adam and Delbrtlck define appropriate boundary conditions and equations describing the concentration of molecules in the diffusion space in terms of space coordinates and time. They treated four cases (1) onedimensional diffusion in the linear interval a < jc < h (2) two-dimensional diffusion on the circular ring a < r < b (3) three-dimensional diffusion in a spherical shell a < r < b, and (4) combined three-dimensional and surface diffusion. They provide a useful account of how reduced dimensionahty of diffusion can (a) lower the time required for a metabolite or particle originating at point P to reach point Q, and (b) improve the likelihood for capture (or catch) of regulatory molecules by other molecules localized in the immediate vicinity of some target point Q. 

The ICS that are certified to lOAS-accredited certification body standards are compelled (as of the 2002 IBS revision) to comply with chapter 8 on social justice (see Box 14.2) as well as the rest of the IBS. In addition, many ICSs are part of producer cooperatives that also have fair trade certification. As such, additional social justice and development standards are in place - the regulatory and collaboration dimensions. The learning element of ICSs is perhaps the most dynamic and interesting. Extension is an integral and essential aspect of ICSs - and is predominantly used for technical issues. Elowever, ICSs, once in place are often a framework for other kinds of development and learning (e.g. parallel systems - HIV/AIDS education in Uganda via EPOPA Projects, local community economics in Thailand). 

VII National dimensions where risks are limited to specific occurrences within certain Member States, interpretation of risk levels and regulatory controls vary significantly between Member States, and control measures do not mandate EU harmonised regulation for achieving risk reduction (see Box 5.3,). 

Compared with analysing the socio-economic consequences of chemical production and use in terms of the impact on variables such as employment and industrial competitiveness, EU risk management decision-making clearly lacks a method to evaluate the consequence that perceived chemical risks have on perceptions of equity. Moreover, there appears to be little consideration of how decisions can affect trust in regulatory institutions. Yet, as described in Chapter 2 and explored in Chapter 4, these social dimensions of risk prove fundamental to regulation. 

Chemical Environment Cons. Profess. National dimensions Regulatory outcome... 

Political dimensions of risk management contribute to the quality, type and level of information needed during assessments of hazards, exposures and regulatory impacts. This book illustrates just how Member States may sometimes need to establish different levels of protection within their national territories. The analysis of the national approaches demonstrates why Member States give preference to certain risk management control instruments. 

The majority of publications on pesticide analysis deal with terminal residues and their determination. From a practical standpoint, the determination of the active ingredient in a technical pesticide or a formulation is equally important, if not always apparently so scientifically challenging. In recent years, new dimensions have been added to the problem by regulatory requirements, and it has been recognized that certain contaminants, present in manufactured products, might present potential risks to man and the environment. From a practical standpoint, the manufacture and sale of pesticide products must be linked at all times to an analytical control system capable of adequately measuring active ingredients, since fluctuations... 

A final dimension of a metric is the intended audience. Information may be disseminated to internal audiences such as employees, supervisors, facility management, senior executives, and the board of directors or to external audiences such as a trade association, regulatory agency, or the general public. Any metric that must be reported for regulatory compliance is, by definition, an external metric. Chapter 6 discusses in greater detail the identification of metrics for various external and internal audiences. 

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