Regulatory Impact

Chemical Manufacturers Association, 1300 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, Va., 22209, (703) 741-5000, which offers information about Responsible Care (a registered trademark of CMA) and regulatory impact on the chemical industry. 

Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association, 1100 New York Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C., 20005, (202) 414-4100, which offers information about regulatory impact on the chemical industry, particularly small and batch operations. 

An Approach to Quantitative Safety Goals for Nuclear Power Plants, October 1980. Rasedag, W. F. et al., Regulatory Impact on Nuclear Reactor Accident Source Term Assumptions, June 1981. 

Determine the risk factors associated with each system if the system should fail. These risk factors should include the regulatory impact, safety concerns, and business concerns (cost, time, and human resources). 

Some organizations develop risk assessment systems that first determine the regulatory impact of each computer system by using the following questions. If there is no regulatory impact, no validation activities are required by the regulating agencies. However, those systems can be validated for business or other reasons. 

For systems with regulatory impact, a numerical exercise is then conducted to prioritize the validation activities. This prioritization considers all of the following system criticality, industry distribution of the software, regulatory experience, and the vulnerability at downtime. The numerical rating facilitates prioritization of validation efforts utilizing limited resources. The numerical priority ranking of each system with regulatory impact can then be compared with other systems to identify the order in which to address the various activities. 

EPA-Diesel RIA, Regulatory Impact Analysis—Control of Air Pollution from New Motor Vehicles Tier 2 Motor Vehicle Emissions Standards and Gasoline Sulfur Control Requirements United States Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Radiation EPA420-R, 99-023. 1999. December. 

Tab. 13.1 Transcription factors under the control of RNI. Selected examples for the regulatory impact of RNI on prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription factors. In a very simplistic way activation versus inhibition by RNI are indicated.

Eczema does not occur in the absence ofT cells. Here we provide an overview on the regulatory impact which T cells have on the establishment and maintenance of atopic dermatitis. Particularly, we outline the role of different T-helper cell subsets (i.e.Th-l,Th-2,T-regulatory andTh-17 cells) and their distinct influence on the cutaneous inflammatory reaction at different stages of the disease. Eczema is characterized by epidermal inflammation and thus T-cell/ker-atinocyte interactions are of particular relevance in this condition. Alterations in innate and adaptive immunity involving cells result in susceptibility to skin infections and in hyperreactivity reactions to environmental stimuli which in turn determine the course and severity of atopic dermatitis. Copyright 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel... 

Incidents involving legal, insurance, or regulatory impacts Extremely close-up views of machinery or equipment Nighttime shots... 

The second area of activity has to do with studies being conducted by EPA to evaluate incinerator performance as part of the Agency s Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) of hazardous waste incineration regulations. As part of this analysis, several... 

Karell, M. A. Blumenthal, M. H. 2001. Air regulatory impacts of the use of tire-derived fuel. Environmental Progress, 20, 80-86. 

According to an estimate derived from the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA), the RCRA will cost 38.8 billion in 1996 dollars to implement. PRPs will incur most of the cost (about 89%), with the remaining 11% being incurred by federal facilities. 

Health Safety Executive Regulatory Impact Assessments Proposed Maximum Exposure Limit for Piperazine and Piperazine Dihydrochloride. Jan. 2001. Accessed 4/17/02. . 

Criticality In the context of this book, criticality means the regulatory impact to a system or component. Sample factors that establish the criticality of a system or a component can be reviewed in Appendix D. 

Wu, F. 2006. Mycotoxin reduction in Bt corn potential economic, health, and regulatory impacts. Transgenic Research 15 277-289. 

Our assessment of the risks posed by incinerators should be the most structured of our Regulatory Impact Analyses. The detail we will be able to achieve in the other areas is uncertain, but we believe our work will represent the best that can be accomplished now. We need better tools to analyze the effects of our programs. Our two primary tools are economic analysis and risk analysis. We plan to rely heavily on them. To do less would be short-sighted and irresponsible. 

Political dimensions of risk management contribute to the quality, type and level of information needed during assessments of hazards, exposures and regulatory impacts. This book illustrates just how Member States may sometimes need to establish different levels of protection within their national territories. The analysis of the national approaches demonstrates why Member States give preference to certain risk management control instruments. 

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