Region of rejection

These filters are characterised by producing an abrupt change between a region of rejection and a region of transmission. They are generally produced from all-dielectric multilayer systems with corrected side bands to increase transmittance... 

Band pass filters are generally characterised by a region of possibly high transmission, limited on either side of the spectrum by regions of rejection. Depending on the width of the transmission region, one may distinguish between narrow-band and broad-band filters. 

The region defined by Eq. (7.100) is shown in Fig. 7.8 as the region of acceptance, wheras the regions outside this range are labeled regions of rejection. Based on the assumption that the null hypothesis is true, if the statistic calculated from the experimental sample falls outside the region of acceptance, the null hypothesis is rejected and is accepted. Otherwise, // is accepted and is rejected. In this example, we calculate... 

Purification of anthracene. Dissolve 0-3 g. of crude anthracene (usually yellowish in colour) in 160-200 ml. of hexane, and pass the solution through a column of activated alumina (1 5-2 X 8-10 cm.). Develop the chromatogram with 100 ml. of hexane. Examine the column in the hght of an ultra-violet lamp. A narrow, deep blue fluorescent zone (due to carbazole, m.p. 238°) will be seen near the top of the column. Immediately below this there is a yellow, non-fluorescent zone, due to naphthacene (m.p. 337°). The anthracene forms a broad, blue-violet fluorescent zone in the lower part of the column. Continue the development with hexane until fluorescent material commences to pass into the filtrate. Reject the first runnings which contain soluble impurities and yield a paraffin-hke substance upon evaporation. Now elute the column with hexane-benzene (1 1) until the yellow zone reaches the bottom region of the column. Upon concentration of the filtrate, pure anthracene, m.p. 215-216°, which is fluorescent in dayhght, is obtained. The experiment may be repeated several times in order to obtain a moderate quantity of material. 

Figure 17-3 The relationship between the expected value of the statistic and the lines separating the regions of acceptance and rejection from the region indicating continuation of the experiment.

However, this particular experimental design only covered values of x3 up to 1.68 consequently, the saddle point is only predicted by the model and not exhibited by the data. This is the reason the lack-of-fit tests of Section IV indicated neither model 3 nor model 4 of Table XVI could be rejected as inadequately representing the data. As is apparent, additional data must be taken in the vicinity of the stationary point to confirm this predicted nature of the surface and hence to allow rejection of certain models. This region of experimentation (or beyond) is also required by the parameter estimation and model discrimination designs of Section VII. 

When fluorescently labeled biological specimens are viewed with a conventional wide-field microscope, a haze of out-of-focus fluorescence is usually created hy the overlapping structures within the sample. As we focus through the specimen, our hrains have a remarkable ability to discern substantial structural detail. However, the resolution of the images we record on film is degraded hy the out-of-focus fluorescence. The confocal microscope can reject out-of-focus information and enhance the contrast of an image because the illumination and the detection are confined to an identical (small) region of the specimen. An overview of the basic principles of a confocal microscope is presented in Fig. 1 and outlined helow. 

Figure 6.3 Statistical usage of the terms accept and reject, showing the intermediate region of undecided .

The size of the fibrous particles that appear to induce disease in the animal models is compatible with the measured respiratory range in humans (Lipp-man, 1977). Most particulate deposition takes place not in the upper or conducting portion of the airways but in the alveolar region of the pulmonary tree (the respiratory unit). Some surface deposition may occur at bifurcations in the bronchial tree, but the actual amount at each location is influenced by anatomy, specific to the species—probably to an individual—as well as the variety of fiber. A large proportion of airborne particulates are rejected as part of the normal clearance mechanisms in animals, but in humans clearance mechanisms may be compromised by smoking, for example. We are unaware of any experiments on fiber toxicity using smoking rats ... 

Figure 2 Probability that the quantum of vibrational excitation is on the same molecule at time t that it was on at time zero for a cluster of 20 Br2 molecules. Time is inpicoseconds. The two solid curves are results from two different runs, with the difference rejecting the statistical uncertainly in the calculations. The dotted straight line is drawn to indicate the region of linear time dependence.

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