Regional variations, in percutaneous absorption

Wester, R.C. and H.I. Maibach (1989). Regional variation in percutaneous absorption, in Percutaneous Absorption Mechanisms, Methodology, Drug Delivery, 2nd Edn, R.L. Bronaugh and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. III-I20. 

Regional variations in percutaneous absorption contribute to differences in the systemic availability of a drug depending on the site of topical application. The Rhesus monkey Macaca mulatta) could probably serve as an animal model for human skin regional variation.f ° ... 

Regional variations in percutaneous absorption contribute to differences in the systemic availability of a drug depending on the site of topical application. 

Large regional variations in percutaneous absorption of compounds are determined by factors including hair follicle density, thickness of the stratum corneum, and vasculature of the region [13]. There is a distinct difference in the penetration of hydrocortisone in different anatomic sites. This suggests that for areas of higher penetrability, such as the face, scalp, scrotum, axilla, and the groin, smaller doses are required and occlusion is not needed [22]. 

Gorsline, J. Okerholm, R.A. Rolf, C.N. Moos, C.D. Hwang, S.S. Comparison of plasma nicotine concentrations after application of nicoderm (nicotine transdermal system) to different skin sites. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1992,32, 576-581. Wester, R.C. Maibach, H.I. Bucks, D.A.W. In vivo percutaneous absorption of paraquat from hand, leg and forearm of humans. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 1984, 14, 759-762. Taskovich, L. Shaw, J.E. Regional differences in the morphology of human skin correlation with variations in drug permeability. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1978, 70, 111. Roberts, M.S. Eavretto, W.A. Meyer, A. Reckmann, M. Wongseelashote, T. Topical bioavailability of methyl sahcy-late. Aust. N.Z. J. Med. 1982, 12, 303-305. 

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