Reflective monochrome displays

Figure 89. All-polymer FLC prototype presented by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., in 1995. This reflective monochrome display is 0.5 mm thick, has a 1 400 multiplex ratio, and a size of 20 cmx32 cm (400 x 640 pixels each 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm), corresponding to a diagonal of 15 in (37.5 cm).

Figure 25-1 9 The Spectronic 20 spectrophotometer. A photograph of the instrument is shown in (a), while the optical diagram is seen in (b). Radiation from the tungsten filament source passes through an entrance slit into the monochromator. A reflection grating diffracts the radiation, and the selected wavelength band passes through the exit slit into the sample chamber. A solid-state detector converts the light intensity into a related electrical signal that is amplified and displayed on a digital readout. (Courtesy of Thermo Electron Corp., Madison, WI.)...

In the following discussion the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of a series of six industrial catalysts are compared. High-resolution scans were obtained with monochromated Co radiation on a transmission Guinier diffractometer. Phase analyses were carried out on an automated Phillips APD 10 powder diffractometer using postmonochromated Cu radiation. In Fig. 2.2, relevant sections of the diffraction patterns of catalysts from three industrial sources are displayed. The observed reflections can be assigned to magnetite and wustite as the main components of the catalysts. The catalysts differ markedly in their content of crystalline wustite. It should be stressed here that XRD is not a suitable method for quantitative determination of the wustite content, since it depends on the crystallinity of the phase analyzed. The nonstoichiometric nature of wustite and its close structural... 

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