Reduction reactions INDEX

Hydrogenation (see Reduction reactions for a list of hydrogenation catalysts see the Type of Compound Index)... 

CATEGORIZATION OF NAMED REDUCTION REACTIONS (WITH RESPECT TO SUBSTRATE OF INTEREST) BY MINIMUM ATOM ECONOMY, MAXIMUM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT FACTOR, MAXIMUM MOLECULAR WEIGHT FRACTION OF SACRIFICIAL REAGENTS, HYPSICITY INDEX... 

Kondo S, Nakamura M, Maki N, Hoshi N (2009) Active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction on the low and high index planes of palladium. J Phys Chem C 113(29) 12625-12628... 

Many authors have been discussing the surface structure dependence of Pt toward the ORR under different conditions. Markovic et al (1995) found that the activity for ORR in 0.1 M HCIO4 decreases in the sequence of the Pt low-index planes (110) > (111) > (100), whereas the reactivity in H2 SO4 increased in the sequence (111) < (100) <(110). These differences in the sequence are ascribed to the strong bisulfate anion adsorption on the highly coordinated surfaces. Therefore, it is important to consider the strength of the anion adsorption and its surface-structure-dependent adsorption properties to understand the oxygen reduction reaction (Rabis et al, 2012). 

An Index to types of reactions, e.g. alkylations, stereoselective reductions, cyclizations etc. and... 

This discrepancy might be explained if after about an hour the reaction approached equilibrium and slowed due to a diminishing thermodynamic drive. If the Fe+++ produced did not precipitate on the hematite surface, and did not form either hematite or goethite (FeOOH), it would accumulate in solution and weaken the drive for uranyl reduction. As the saturation index for hematite reached about 1.7, or about 1.25 for goethite, reaction would cease. 

The other isolated molecule index, the free valence F, is used in discussing homolytic reactions, and determines the effect of reduction of resonance integrals between an atom r under attack and its two neighbours. Denoting the two neighbours by p and q, the change in resonance integral... 

Aromatic substitution reactions are often complicated and multistep processes. A correlation, however, in many cases can be found between the charged attacking species and the electron density distribution in the molecule attacked during electrophilic and nucleoph c substitution. No such correlation is expected in radical substitution where the attacking particles are neutral, rather a correlation between the reactivities of separate bonds and a free valency index of the bond order. This allows the prediction of the most reactive bonds. Such an approach has been used by researchers who applied quantum calculations to estimate the reactivities of the isomeric thienothiophenes and to compare them with thiophene or naphthalene. " Until recently quantum methods for studying reactivities of aromatics and heteroaromatics were developed mainly in the r-electron approximation (see, for example, Streitwieser and Zahradnik ). The M orbitals of a sulfur atom were shown not to contribute substantially to calculations of dipole moments, polarographic reduction potentials, spin-density distribution, ... 

---