Reciprocal illumination

Table II Check on Reciprocity Law Induction Time for Cross-linking of Elvacite 2046 Under Various Intensities of Illumination In a Xenon-Arc Fade-ometer With Pyrex-Glass Filter...

Therefore, the reciprocal of the induction period (1/tj) should vary linearly with the light intensity. Figure 6 shows that this is true, up to a certain value of the light intensity above which 1/tj is levelling off, very much like (Rp)max does. This result suggests that the polymerization rate limitation is due, at least partly, to a decrease in the production of initiating radicals under intense illumination. 

Figure 11. Mott-Schottky plots of reciprocal square of differential capacitance of n-type TiO electrode in 0.5M HfSO, vs, electrode potential. (O) In the dark (O) under illumination as in Figure 10. Intercept at C = oo gives the value of the flat-band potential (19).

The reciprocal derivatives of the j/V curve under illumination at open circuit and short circuit represent the series and parallel resistances Rs and Rp, respectively, of the diode device. Of course, for non-linear effects in the diode, these quantities are not constant but depend on voltage V, current density j (illumination level), reverse saturation current density jtev, and temperature T. 

Method A An ampule was charged with hexafiuoropropene (21,0 g, 0.14 mol), KF (11.0 g, 0.19 mol), and 94% formamide (85 mL) and shaken by means of a reciprocating shaker for 5 h at ca. 25 C.Thcformamide layer was dark brown after this treatment. Distillation yielded 16 g of low boiling material. This material and an equimolar amount of bromine were sealed into an ampule and illuminated. After removal of excess bromine, the product was isolated yield 14 g (59%). 

Two-Dimensional Position Sensitive DACecCor, Calibration. A number of tests were performed to assure the accuracy ot the data collected by the system. These Included testing the detector uniformity to Insure that all the photo-diodes on the chip are of equivalent sensitivity. Another calibration of the device was to determine the magnifying affects of the camera. This was done to allow conversion of the x-y pixel grid Into the dimensions of reciprocal space. Finally, the contrast setting was adjusted so that a S6 value of 0 was produced when the screen was not Illuminated, with the gain set at maximum and the f-stop wide open. Further details of the system calibration can be found In Effler s M.S. thesis (17). 

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