Receiving-end voltage

Series capacitor - connected in series at the far end of a long transmission or FTP distribution line to offset the reactive component of the line impedance, contain the voltage drop and enhance the receiving-end voltage. It can support a transmission or distribution system in the following ways ... 

It can also be applied to an HT distribution network that has a high series inductive reactance to improve its receiving-end voltage. 

Figure 24.5 Receiving-end voltage phasor diagram on load, in an uncompensated line...

Mitintaining the receiving-end voltage at almost the rated voltage. 

Figure 24.13 Receiving-end voltage is flattened with the use of series capacitors...

Figure 24.15 The line length effect even when the sending-end and receiving-end voltages and currents are maintained at unity p.f.

Figure 24.14 Phasor position of sending-end and receiving-end voltages in an overhead line...

For the system to remain stable under all conditions of loading, switching, or any other line disturbances it is essential that an uncompensated line is loaded at much below this level. Otherwise disturbances of a minor nature may result in undampened oscillations, and may even swing the receiving-end voltage beyond acceptable limits. It may even cause an outage of the system. It is therefore not practicable to operate an uncompensated line to its optimum level. For this we will analyse this equation for sin 0 and sin S as follows. 

When the line is compensated, and a near-flat voltage profile can be ensured so that during all such disturbances the receiving-end voltage will stay within permissible limits, the load angle can be raised to 45-60° to achieve a high power transfer. 

The receiving-end voltage rises with leading p.f.s and droops with lagging. This is illustrated with the help of phasor diagrams (Figures 24.22(a) and (b). 

Series eapaeitors These are used for line length compensation to help transmit power over long distances and also improve the stability level of the network. They are usually installed at the line ends or at the selected locations. They reduce Zq and enhance SIL. Pq, and boost the receiving-end voltage. 

Figure 24.26 Receiving-end voltage after shunt compensation...

Where Vs is the sending end voltage on Platform A Vr is the receiving end voltage on Platform B Sc is the load angle across the cable reactance X. 

The per cent voltage drop of a line with respect to the receiving-end voltage is termed the voltage regulation. It is defined as... 

Receiving-end voltage The receiving-end voltage (V2) is obtained using traveling waves in the same manner as in Section 1.6.4.2 ... 

Obtain receiving-end voltage (Vr) when a source voltage is applied to phase b in Figure 1.49a. 

Comparison of the measured and calculated results for phase a energization, (a) Sending-end voltages and (b) receiving-end voltages. 

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