Real-time monitoring spectrometry

Greaser, C. S. Lamarca, D. G. Brum, J. Werner, C. New, A. P dos Santos, L. M. E. Reversed-Phase Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry Applied to the Real-Time Monitoring of Low Molecular Weight Alcohols in Chloroform. Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 300-304. 

Dalmazio, I., Santos, L.S., Lopes, R.P., Eberlin, M.N. and Augusti, R. (2005) Advanced oxidation of caffeine in water on-line and real-time monitoring by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Environ. Sci. Technol.,... 

Brum, J. 8t Dell Orco, P., Online mass spectrometry Real-time monitoring and kinetics analysis for the photolysis of idoxifene Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1998, 12, 741-745. 

Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) is an analytical technique used for direct and quantitative determination of VOCs in mixtures of gases. SIFT-MS was introduced in 1976 by N. G. Adams and D. Smith. The technique can be applied for parallel real-time monitoring of a few substances [126]. A scheme of the SIFT-MS system is presented in Fig. 14.9 [127]. The principle of gas mixture analysis is based on the reaction of reagent ions with molecules of analyte within a specific time (a few milliseconds). In this method, chemical ionization is applied reagent ions are generated in the ion source by a suitable ionization gas (nitrogen, oxygen, or water vapor). Of aU the obtained ions, only cations of the desired m/z... 

Spanel, P., Smith, D. Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry detection ad real-time monitoring of flavours released by food products. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 13, 585-597 (1999)... 

Clinton, R. and Creaser, C.S. (2005) Real-time monitoring of a pharmaceutical process reaction using a membrane interface combined with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta, 539 (1-2), 133-140. 

Brokenshire, J.L. Dharmarajan, V Coyne, L.B. Keller, J., Near real time monitoring of TDI vapour using ion mobihty spectrometry (IMS), J. Cell. Plastics 1990, 26, 123-142... 

Walts, C.J. Swenson, O.F. GiUispie, G.D., Real-time monitoring of chlorinated aliphatic componnds in air using ion mobility spectrometry with photoemissive electron sources, Pmc. SPIE Int. Soc. Optical Eng. 1999,3534, 290-298. 

Figure 4.2 Membrane inlet msiss spectrometry (a) schematic diagram of the membrane interface for APCI/MS and (b) schematic diagram of the donor/acceptor flow across the microporous membrane [69], Reprinted from Analytica Chimica Acta, 539, Clinton, R., Creaser, C.S., Bryant, D., Real-time Monitoring of a Pharmaceutical Process Reaction Using a Membrane Interface Combined with Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometry, 133-140. Copyright (2005), with permission from Elsevier...

Nogueira, R.F.P., Alberici, R.M., Mendes, M.A., Jardim, W.E., Eberlin, M.N. (1999) Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol and Trichloroethylene On-line and Real-time Monitoring via Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 38 1754-1758. 

Clinton, R., Creaser, C.S., Bryant, D. (2005) Real-time Monitoring of a Pharmaceutical Process Reaction Using a Membrane Interface Combined with Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 539 133-140. 

Zhu, Z., Bartmess, J.E., McNally, M.E., Hoffman, R.M., Cook, K.D., Song, L. (2012) Quantitative Real-time Monitoring of Chemical Reactions by Autosampling Flow Injection Analysis Coupled with Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 84 7547-7554. 

Brum, J., Dell Orco, P. (1998) On-line Mass Spectrometry Real-time Monitoring and Kinetics Analysis for the Photolysis of Idoxifene. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 12 741-745. 

Xie, Y. Hua, L. Hou, K. Chen, R Zhao, W Chen, W Ju, B. Li, H. (2014) Long-Term Real-time Monitoring Catalytic Synthesis of Ammonia in a Microreactor by VUV-Lamp-based Charge-transfer Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 86 7681-7687. 

In a large portion of routine and discovery-oriented analyses, mass spectrometry (MS) is used as a qualitative technique. The obtained qualitative data enable detection and structural elucidation of molecules present in the analyzed samples. However, modern chemistry and biochemistry heavily rely on quantitative information. In biochemistry it is often sufficient to conduct quantification of analytes in biofluids every few hours, days, or even weeks. In the real-time monitoring of highly dynamic samples, it is necessary to collect data points at higher frequencies. When it comes to selection of techniques for quantitative analyses, especially in the monitoring of dynamic samples, MS has not generally been favored. In fact, the performance of MS in quantitative analysis is worse than that of optical spectroscopies - especially, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. 

Figure 11.5 Schematic depiction of the PESI-MS setup combined with diffusive mixing strategy for real-time monitoring [57], [Real-time Reaction Monitoring by Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Yu, Z., Chen, EC., Erra-Baisells, R., Nonami, hi., Eiiraoka, K. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 24 1507-1513. Copyright (2010) John Wiley and Sons]...

Lin, S.-H., Lo, T.-J., Kuo, F.-Y, Chen, Y.-C. (2014) Real Time Monitoring of Accelerated Chemical Reactions by Ultrasonication-assisted Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 49 50-56. 

Ma, X., Zhang, S., Lin, Z., Liu, Y, Xing, Z., Yang, C., Zhang, X. (2009) Real-time Monitoring of Chemical Reactions by Mass Spectrometry Utilizing a Low-temperature Plasma Probe. Analyst 134 1863-1867. 

Figure 13.8 Real-time monitoring of animal metabolites by mass spectrometry, (a) Photograph of in-vivo analysis of a living scorpion by field-induced direct ionization mass spectrometry. (b) Mass spectrum obtained by field-induced direct ionization mass spectrometry analysis of the secretion released from a living scorpion upon stimulation [83], Reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd Scientific Reports [Hu, B., Wang, L, Ye, W.-C., Yao, Z.-P. (2013) In Vivo and Real-time Monitoring of Secondary Metabolites of Living Organisms by Mass Spectrometry. Sci. Rep. 3 2104]. Copyright (2013). See colour plate section for colour figure...

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