Real-time confocal microscopy

Tanaka, H. Oyamada, M. Tsujii, E. Nakajo, T. Takamatsu, T. Excitation-dependent intracellular Ca waves at the border zone of the cryo-injured rat heart revealed by real-time confocal microscopy. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 2002, 34, 1501-1512. 

Hashimoto, T. Ohata, H. Nobe, K. Sakai, Y. Honda, K. A novel approach for the determination of contractile and calcium responses of the basilar artery employing real-time confocal laser microscopy. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods 2007, 56, 79-86. 

Brakenhoff G J, Squier J, Norris T, Bliton A C, Wade M FI and Athey B 1996 Real-time two-photon confocal microscopy using a femtosecond, amplified Ti sapphire system J. Microscopy 181 253-9... 

Cullander, C. and Guy, R. H. Visualizing the pathways of iontophoretic current flow in real time with laser-scanning confocal microscopy and the vibrating probe electrode. In R. C. Scott, R. H. Guy and J. Hadgralt, eds. Prediction of Percutaneous Penetration, Vol. 2, IBC Technical Services, London, 1991. 

Masters BR, Kino GS. Charge coupled devices for quantitative Nipkow Disk real-time scanning confocal microscopy. In Shotton D, ed. Electron light microscopy The principles and practice of video-enhanced contrast, digital intensified fluorescence, and confocal scanning light microscopy. New York Wiley-Liss, 1993. 

Nie, S.M., Chiu, D.T., and Zare, R.N. (1995) Real-time detection of single-molecules in solution by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Analytical Chemistry, 61, 2849-2857. 

S Barsberg and KA Nielsen. Oxidative Quenching of Spruce Thermomechanical Pulp Fiber Autofluorescence Monitored in Real Time by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Implications for Lignin Autofluorescence. Biomacromolecules 4 64-69, 2003. 

Two-dimensional experiments with optical microscopy are also affected by other negative factors. Laser confocal microscopy has a relatively slow imaging speed and is not suitable for real-time electrodeposition studies. Furthermore, hydrogen bubbles interfere with optical microimaging making it difficult to observe their effects. Why, then, have two-dimensional studies so far dominated this domain The answer is that they are considerably simpler than those in 3D since they are not affected by complications like convection and, indeed, hydrogen bubbles. It is time,... 

Wu, K., et al. Dynamic real-time microscopy of the urinary tract using confocal laser endomicroscopy. Urology 78(1), 225-231 (2011)... 

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