Reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Friedel-Crafts Chemistry, Wiley Interscience, New York (1973). 

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Norman and R. Taylor, Electrophilic Substitution in Benzenoid Compounds, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1965). 

Aromatic Substitution Reactions, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey (1968). 

Hoggett, R. B. Moodie, J. R. Penton, and K. S. Schofield, Nitration and Aromatic Reactivity, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1971). 

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The NO + 03 chemiluminescent reaction [Reactions (1-3)] is utilized in two commercially available GC detectors, the TEA detector, manufactured by Thermal Electric Corporation (Saddle Brook, NJ), and two nitrogen-selective detectors, manufactured by Thermal Electric Corporation and Antek Instruments, respectively. The TEA detector provides a highly sensitive and selective means of analyzing samples for A-nitrosamines, many of which are known carcinogens. These compounds can be found in such diverse matrices as foods, cosmetics, tobacco products, and environmental samples of soil and water. The TEA detector can also be used to quantify nitroaromatics. This class of compounds includes many explosives and various reactive intermediates used in the chemical industry [121]. Several nitroaromatics are known carcinogens, and are found as environmental contaminants. They have been repeatedly identified in organic aerosol particles, formed from the reaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with atmospheric nitric acid at the particle surface [122-124], The TEA detector is extremely selective, which aids analyses in complex matrices, but also severely limits the number of potential applications for the detector [125-127],... 

Pitts, J. N., Jr., J. A. Sweetman, B. Zielinska, A. M. Winer, R. Atkinson, and W. P. Harger, Formation of Nitroarenes from the Reaction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with Dinitrogen Pentoxide, Environ. Sci. Technol., 19, III5-II2I (I985e). 

Kopinke, F.-D., Georgi, A., Mackenzie, K., and Kumke, M. U. (2000). Sorption and chemical reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with dissolved refractory organic subtances and related model compounds. In Refractory Organic Substances (ROS) in the Environment, Frimmel, F. H., Abbt-Braun, G., Heumann, K. G., Hock, B., Ludemann, H.-D., and Spiteller, M., eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp. 475-515. 

Guo, D.S., Yuan, X.Y., Zhang, Z.Q., 2000. Binding reaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AHs) in Taiyuan City with DNA. China Environ. Sci. 20, 5-7. 

Kwamena, N.O.A., Clarke, J.P., et al (2007) Assessing the importance of heterogeneous reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urban atmosphere using the multimedia urban model. Atmospheric Environment, 41(1) 37-50. 

Irradiation of styrene in the presence of oxygen leads to polymerisation (Kodaira et ai, 1978). Although radical cations may well be intermediates in such reactions it has proved impossible to detect them in the reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with oxygen in acetonitrile solution (Watkins, 1979a). 

Synthesis and reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites... 

Pitts, J. N. Jr., Sweetman, J. A., Zielinska, B., Winer, A. M., Atkinson, R., and Harger, W. P. (1985b) Formation of nitroarenes from the reaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with dinitrogen pentoxide. Environ. Sci. Technoi, 19, 1115-1121. 

W. L. Belser Jr., G. B. Knudson, and P. M. Hynds. 1978. Atmospheric reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Facile formation of mutagenic nitro derivatives. Science 202 515-519. 

The reaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene in the presence of trimethylsilyl isothiocyanate leads to the regioselective thiocyanation of an arene nucleus, as illustrated by the reaction of anthracene shown in Scheme 3.213 [274],... 

Corsaro et al. [79] reported a solvent-free cycloaddition reaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with nitrile oxide. The reaction was completed under microwave irradiation in 3-10 min. It was observed that conventional heating is not capable to perform this reaction because of the dehydration of 1,3-dipole (Scheme 11.26). Yet, the yield 18-21 % is low under microwave irradiation. 

Schuetz CA, Frenklach M. (2002) Nucleation of soot Molecular dynamics simulations of pyrene dimerization. Proc. Combust. Inst. 29 2307-2314. Ricca A, Bauschlicher CW. (2000) The reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with OH. Chem. Phys. Lett. 328 396-402. 

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