Rainfall patterns

Data from the Na-pyrophosphate partial extractions and estimates of organic C contained in humic and fulvic acids from spectroscopic determinations show poor reproducibility over time. Analysis of data from re-sampling in September 2007 show significantly lower results over bedrock mineralisation than the original orientation survey conducted in April 2007, although the general pattern appears to be preserved. Re-analysis of the duplicate field samples in the same batch indicates that this variation largely reflects seasonal variations in metal content of the soils, possibly related to rainfall patterns, but also includes a component of laboratory variation between batches. 

The water supply in both watersheds is primarily from rainfall, surface runoff, and springs that are entirely recharged by rainfall. This means that between late May and early September the watersheds receive too much water resulting in terrain instabilities, erosion, and flooding. After September there is continuous drying until late May with only the occasional occurrences of rainstorms. The historic rainfall records are of limited duration and apart from the extreme seasonal variability, it was not possible to show any evidence of changes in the rainfall pattern over the past 10 years [14]. 

The regional temperature variations, rainfall, patterns, groundwater flow characteristics, explosive type, explosive concentration, presence of other contaminants, land value, and other regulatory requirements can affect the wetland s cost. Constructed wetlands may not be financially viable at aU sites (D20499J, p. 2 D20503Y, p. 30). 

The storm of Jan. 8-11, 1968 was characterized by a rainfall pattern that was heaviest in the north and diminished to light rain and drizzle... 

Sadeghi, A.M. and A.R. Isensee (1992). Effect of tillage systems and rainfall patterns on atrazine distribution in soil. J. Environ. Qual., 21 464 169. 

Sigua, G.C., A.R. Isensee, A.M. Sadeghi, and G.J. Im (1995). Distribution and transport of atrazine as influenced by surface cultivation, earthworm population, and rainfall pattern. Chemosphere, 31 4237 1242. 

GROUNDWATER GRADIENT Gradient is dependent on local relief, estimated permeability, aquifer characteristics and rainfall patterns. Steep or flat gradients by themselves cannot be presumed to have similar effects in each case. Judgment is required on local conditions. 

Fig. 2.5. Rainfall pattern of different fruit-growing areas.

Global Commodity prices, political pressure from other countries Climate changes, particularly of rainfall patterns (e.g. El Nino)... 

Terrestrial/lotic linkages in the form of fast near-surface flowpaths, such as overland flow, require certain soil conditions together with rainfall patterns. Where these are met, a hillslope terrestrial signal, with some resemblance to a wetland signal, is transmitted to the stream channel. 

Parrish, J.T., Ziegler, A.M. Scotese, C.R. (1982) Rainfall patterns and the distribution of coals and evaporites in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. Palaeogeog. Palaeoclim. Palaeoecol, 40, 454-460. 

In a particular year, a must s total acidity and acid composition depend mainly on geography, soil conditions, and climate, including soil humidity and permeability, as well as rainfall patterns, and, above all, temperature. Temperature determines the respiration rate, i.e. the combustion of tartaric and, especially, malic acid in grape flesh cells. The predominance of malic acid in must from cool-climate vineyards is directly related to temperature, while malic acid is eliminated from grapes in hotter regions by combustion. 

The location determines the typical rainfall pattern (duration, intensity and seasonal variability). The surface of the bound layers and the shoulders receives... 

The local ground water conditions, together with the local rainfall pattern and surface water conditions, govern the amount of water supplied to the pavement structure. A rising groundwater table comes first in contact with the drainage system, which redirects the water and may prevent that the water table rises higher. 

Atmospheric oxidation of iron pyrites (FeS2) in coal and associated rocks and rapid dissolution of the resultant sulfur oxides and iron sulfates in percolating waters produce very acidic effluents (acid mine drainage) (Berkowitz, 1985). The extent and toxicity of the waste streams depend on coal characteristics, local rainfall patterns, topography, and site drainage features. Leaching of such waste could lead to an unacceptable level of contamination of surface and groundwater. 

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