Radioactive wastes electrodialysis

Miyagawa, M., Mizutani, T., Miki, M., and Ohuchi, I., Volume reduction system of radioactive waste by electrodialysis. Karyaku Karyoku Genshiryoku Hatsuden, Japan, 30, 351, 1979. 

Rauzen, F. et al., Use of ion exchange and electrodialysis for purification of liquid radioactive wastes. Aiomnaya Ehnergiya, 45,49, 1978, English translation in Soviet J. Atomic Energy 45, 705, 1978. 

Singh, RK. Novel method for concentration of low level radioactive waste, Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, 3, 149-151, 1996. Sugimoto, S. Removal of radioactive ions from nuclear waste solutions by electrodialysis. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 15, 705-709, 1987. 

For radioactive effluent treatment, the relevant membrane processes are microfiltration, ulfrafiltration (UF), reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, diffusion, and Donnan dialysis and liquid membrane processes and they can be used either alone or in conjunction with any of the conventional processes. The actual process selected would depend on the physical, physicochemical, and radiochemical nature of the effluents. The basic factors which help in the design of an appropriate system are permeate quality, decontamination, and VRFs, disposal methods available for secondary wastes generated, and the permeate. 

Electrodialysis has been examined [26] at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) for the removal of radioactive ions from low- and intermediate-level radioactive liquid waste using inactive coexisting salts as ionic carriers of very small amounts of radioactive ions. It has been found that the nature and the concentration of the existing salt species generally do not influence the decontamination factor obtained for radioactive ions. The efficiency for the decontamination of radioactive ions has been found to be higher for lower valence cations. It has also been observed that addition of inactive coexisting salt ions improves the decontamination factor but lowers the extent of volume reduction achievable. 

S.-I. Sugimoto, Removal of radioactive ions from nuclear waste solutions by electrodialysis, J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 1978, 15, 753 S. Sugimoto and H. Aikawa, Removal of radioactive ions by multi-step electrodialysis, Nippon Genshiryoku Gakkaishi, 1980, 22, 813-820. 

Inoue, H., Kagoshima, M., Yamasaki, M. and Honda, Y. 2004. Radioactive iodine waste treatment using electrodialysis with an anion exchange paper membrane. 

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