Quality control early examples

Owing to the variability in results of the early developed microbiological procedures, standardized materials were introduced and are currently used for routine quality control. Depending on the format of the test, the presence of an inhibitory substance is indicated by zones of growth inhibition or a change in the color of the medium with pH and redox indicators. Examples of commercial... 

Some of the earliest examples of glazed pottery appeared in India during the Harappan period. (They did not appear in other countries, such as Mesopotamia, until about 1500 yr later.) The use of terracotta was also well known in early India. With the coming of the Indo-Aryans and the Vedic age, pottery became refined in shape, size, color, and strength, indicating an increasing awareness of the quality control needed to develop utensils for use. 

In fact, the full development of T-H-M-C modelling is still at an early stage. For example, we do not have satisfactory answers to the following questions. Do current codes provide the information that is required How can the codes be validated How can the codes or the approaches in applying them, be modified to fit the ambition of the modelling What kind of quality control instruments need to be introduced ... 

The check sheet is a simple and useful tool that is often used in the early stages of a quality control program. It provides a uniform and consistent means for data collection and analysis. Like many of the traditional tools, the check sheet is defect oriented and is used to classify the types of defects frequently found for a product or service. It is used to spot problems areas by identifying defect types that frequently occur. As a result, a check sheet is often used as the input to the next tool, called the Pareto chart. The check sheet is most often tabular in format as presented in Example 2. 

In the early history of chemistry, all chemists found themselves performing analyses of one kind or another. In more recent times, analytical procedures have become much more sophisticated, and analytical chemistry has in consequence become a specialised branch of the subject. The skills of the analyst are now utilised not only by other chemists, but also by those carrying out investigations in fields such as forensic science, environmental science and the quality control of all manner of products. Some analytical techniques (for example the quantitative elemental analysis of organic compounds and the investigation of molecular structure by physical methods) have been considered in earlier chapters. 

An early application of fuzzy logic was in the control of a cement kiln and applications to similar or identical systems have continued to appear (see, for example, Jarvensivu et al.1). This is an example of a practical application in which generation of high quality product may depend on the skill and experience of a small number of workers. Even when computer control is available, workers may describe the way that they adjust conditions to provide a high-quality product by statements such as, "The kiln rotation rate should be lowered slightly," and that, in order to compensate, "The temperature should be diminished just a bit." Fuzzy logic now has a lengthening track record of use in such situations. 

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