Qualitative study

Tire importance of hydrophobic interactions in the aqueous acceleration is further demonstrated by a qualitative study described by Jenner on the effect of pressure on Diels-Alder reactions in water and a number of organic solvents. Invariably, the reactions in water were less accelerated by pressure than those in organic solvents, which is in line with the notion that pressure diminishes hydrophobic interactions. 

Goto et al. (386) have qualitatively studied the relationship between the structure and the ease of formation of some 2-aryl- and 2-heteroaryl-A-2-thiazolin-4-one derivatives. It is found that 2-pyridyI, 2-benzimidazoyl, and 2- 6 hydroxy-5 -methyl)-benzothiazolyl derivatives are too unstable to be isolated. 6 -Hydroxy-, 6 -methyl-, and unsubstituted 2-benzothiazoiyl derivatives, as well as naphtothiazolyl derivatives are unstable but isolable. On the other hand, 6 -methoxy-. 6 -acetoxy-. and 5, 7 -dimethyl-6 -hvdroxybenzothiazolyl derivatives as well as most of their 5-methyl substituted derivatives are stable and easily prepared. 

Frequency Phase 1 Perform Qualitative Study, Typically Using HAZOP, FMEA, or What-if Analysis. To perform a qualitative study you should first (1) define the consequences of interest, (2) identify the initiating events and accident scenarios that could lead to the consequences of interest, and (3) identify the equipment failure modes and human errors that could contribute to the accident... 

A preliminary hazard autilysis is an overall qualitative study tliat yields a rough assessment of the potential hazards of a system, and can provide possible solutions. 

It should be pointed out that the existence of stable structures of the intermediate-complex type (also known as a-complexes or Wheland complexes) is not of itself evidence for their being obligate intermediates in aromatic nucleophilic substitution. The lack of an element effect is suggested, but not established as in benzene derivatives (see Sections I,D,2 and II, D). The activated order of halogen reactivity F > Cl Br I has been observed in quantita-tivei36a,i37 Tables II, VII-XIII) and in many qualitative studies (see Section II, D). The reverse sequence applies to some less-activated compounds such as 3-halopyridines, but not in general.Bimolecular kinetics has been established by Chapman and others (Sections III, A and IV, A) for various reactions. 

Applications of GC X GC can be grouped into the broad categories of qualitative and quantitative studies. By far the more numerous are qualitative studies, and in this group will be included those studies that also pay attention to the retention aspects of GC X GC. By quantitative studies, we take to mean those that involve measurement of peak responses in terms of area or height, and therefore offer the analysis of the relative proportions of the various components. Frysinger and coworkers (37, 38) have primarily studied the use of GC X GC to investigate petrochemical pollution at or around military (naval) bases. These authors have studied... 

The examples just discussed clearly show that already the qualitative study of the kinetics of coupled catalytic reactions provides us with information, e.g. about relative adsorptivity of reaction components or whether. the reaction components are adsorbed on the same active centers. 

An early qualitative study of this reaction631 revealed that it tends to take place at a measurable rate only if bulky substituents are adjacent to the carbonyl group, so that it is likely that the carbon-carbon bond is considerably weakened in the rate-determining step (see, however, p. 306). 

Donmoyer, R. (2006). Take My Paradigm... Please The Legacy of Kuhn s Construct in Educational Research. IntemationalJoumal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 19(1), 11-34. 

Then it will be shown how the texts of the two chapters following can be used to carry out a first qualitative study on risk. 

General reactivity trends for alkenes were established for hydrozirconahon by way of qualitative studies terminal alkene > internal alkene > exocyclic alkene > cyclic alkene trisubshtuted alkene. The rate of hydrozirconahon decreases with increasing substitution on the alkene. This property was used for selechve monohydrozir-conation of conjugated and non-conjugated polyene derivahves (Scheme 8-8) [84-86]. 

Similar qualitative studies were conducted for the remaining occupied buildings. To further reduce the risk to occupants of the maintenance and stores, and administration buildings, several options were considered ... 

In a comparative qualitative study El Mansouri et al. [632] examined dissolution/precipitation and Soxhlet extraction of phosphorous antioxidants in PP. The dissolution (refluxing toluene)/precipitation... 

Seale, C., Chaplin, R., Lelliott, P. 8cQuirk, A. (2006). Sharing decisions in consultations involving anti-psychotic medication a qualitative study of psychiatrists experiences. Soc. Sci. Med., 62, 2861-73. 

A number of reports have appeared concerned with the adsorption of purines at a dropping mercury electrode 77"80> but these are confined to studies at potentials far removed from those where electrochemical oxidation occurs. More recently some qualitative studies on the adsorption of certain purines at the PGE have appeared with a view to understanding the adsorption of these compounds at positively charged electrodes. Since many biological reactions occur at charged membrane or ribosomal surfaces it is of considerable interest to investigate these phenomena. 

Kubberod E, Ueland O, Tronstad A and Risvik E (2002), Attitudes towards meat and meat-eating among adolescents in Norway a qualitative study , Appetite, 38, 53-62. 

The scale models must be carefully designed. Failure to match the important dimensionless parameters will lead to erroneous simulation results. Modeling can be extended to particle convective heat transfer. Wear or erosion of in-bed surfaces can be qualitatively studied, although quantitative assessment requires the identification and simulation of additional wear-related parameters. 

HN03. ICP-AES showed a wide variety of elements to be present with a particular build-up of cobalt, nickel and zinc (50-100 ppm). The presence of lead, cadmium and mercury at dangerously high levels was not indicated. Additional qualitative studies were made by electron probe analysis and ICP-MS. 

Pooley, C.G., et al., " Oh It s A Wonderful Practice. You Can Talk To Them A Qualitative Study of Patients and Health Professionals Views on the Management of Type 2 Diabetes," Hlth. Soc. Care Community, 9, 318-326 (2001). 

In another qualitative study, EDX analysis was used to study the nature of the precipitate occasionally formed in Zn-insulin solutions [73]. Identification of the EDX peaks obtained for the crystalline precipitates enabled the deduction that the solid consisted of a Zn-insulin complex, and a rough analysis of the peak intensities indicated that the composition of the precipitate was comparable to that existing in the starting materials. The combination of the EDX technique with scanning electron microscopy enabled the analyses to be conducted on relatively few numbers of extremely small particles. 

The exchange of the coordinated aqua ligand of the W(IV) aqua oxo species was qualitatively studied by NMR line-broadening as a function of temperature based on Eq. (26), where the transverse relaxation time of the bound oxygen-17 nucleus is given by 1/T2b. The l/T2Qb represents the quadrupolar relaxation rate and kmi the chemical exchange rate constant... 

This compound exists as the monomer (C103) in the gas phase and almos exclusively as the dimer in the liquid phase or solution. Paramagnetism of the liquid is probably not due to C103, as was once thought, but rather to traces of C102437. Qualitative studies have been made of the thermal and photochemical decomposition of C103438,439. 

Insertion of an intermediate layer never thwarts TIR, regardless of the intermediate layer s refractive index, n2. The only question is whether TIR takes place at the n3 n2 interface or the n2 rti interface. Since the intermediate layer is likely to be very thin (no deeper than several tens of nanometers) in many applications, precisely which interface supports TIR is not important for qualitative studies. 

QEUC, see Quasi-molecular enlarged unit cell Quadricyclene, 20 323 valence isomerization of, 20 304 Quadricyclene, isomerization of, 24 146, 148 Quadrupolar interactions, 33 205-209 Quadrupole splitting, 26 126, 134, 140-142 Qualitative studies of simple reactions, 32 116 Quantitative treatment, structure effects, 29 155-162... 

Iron(III) citrate, " " or iron(III) ammonium citrate, is the usual vehicle for administering supplementary iron to an iron-deficient patient, for inducing iron-overload in rats or other creatures prior to testing the efficacy of iron chelators, or for introducing the isotope Fe for metabolic tracer studies. Stability constants for the aqueous iron(III)-citrate system have been established. " The 2 1 complex is claimed to be the dominant species in iron(III)/citrate/DMF systems. " There has been a very qualitative study of the incorporation of iron into transferrin from iron citrate. " Iron(III) citrate reacts relatively slowly with the aluminum(III)-transferrin complex to give the thermodynamically strongly favored combination of iron(III)-transferrin with aluminum(lll) citrate. " The mechanism of iron uptake from citrate complexes in cells has been briefly discussed. An octa-iron citrate complex appears in Section 5.4.5.4.3 below. 

The qualitative study of electronic structure through the electron (number) density p(r) relies heavily on linecut diagrams, contour plots, perspective plots, and other representations of the density and density differences. There is a review article by Smith and coworkers [302] devoted entirely to classifying and explaining the different techniques available for the pictorial representation of electron densities. Beautiful examples of this type of analysis can be seen in the work of Bader, Coppens, and others [303,304]. 

Aubouy N, Deloron P, Mayombo J, PiUdngton H. Malaria, from natural to supernatural a qualitative study of mothers reactions to fever (Dienga, Gabon). J Epidemiol Community Health 2004 58(10) 826-30. 

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