Volatile products from pyrolysis

Table III. Volatile Products from Pyrolysis of a Novolak Resin (Ref. 25)...

Study of Volatile Products from Thermal Analyzers. The MC-2 mass chromatograph is ideally suited for thermal analysis or pyrolysis studies for the obvious reasons of quantitative and qualitative analysis and also for its unique trapping assembly. With the traps, sample effluents can be collected and concentrated over extended periods of time prior to analysis. 

Fig. 5. Volatile products from the static pyrolysis of H 3iMn(CO)5. Key left-hand scale, SiH O, CH, A right-hand scale, H2 , CO .

L. Ballice and R. Reimerta, Classification of volatile products from the temperature-programmed pyrolysis of polypropylene (PP), atactic-polypropylene (APP) and thermogravimetrically derived kinetics of pyrolysis. Chem. Eng. Process., 41(4), 289-296 (2002). 

Essig M, Richards GN, Schenck E. Mechanisms of formation of the major volatile products from the pyrolysis of cellulose. In Schuerch C, editor. Cellulose and wood - chemistry and technology. Syracuse, NY Wiley Sons 1988. p. 841-62. 

Semiquantitative studies on the yield of volatile products from the pyrolysis of various carbohydrates in the range of 200 to 800° have been con-ducted. The most information about the pyrolysis of starch was published by Bryce and Greenwood. They identified the... 

Amounts of Volatile Products from Starch and Related Materials after Pyrolysis for 18 h at 300 ... 

ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE PRODUCTS FROM PYROLYSIS OF POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES IN A VACUUM [255]... 

Pyrolysis with in situ methylation in the presence of TMAH is now commonly applied for the structural investigation of HS. It has been reported, however, that TMAH not only methylates polar pyrolysate but also assists in bond cleavage. For example, TMAH was found as effective at 300°C as at 700°C for the production of some volatile products from HS, indicating that pyrolysis occurs with equal effectiveness at subpyrolysis temperature of 300°C. It is believed that TMAH pyrolysis is actually a thermally assisted chemolysis rather than pure pyrolysis and it can cause hydrolytic ester and ether bond cleavage even at lower temperature, resulting in some unwanted side reactions, e.g., artificial formation of carboxylic groups from aldehydes. Therefore, TMAH thermochemolysis at low temperature, e.g., 300°C has been proposed. This technique offers several advantages over classical flash pyrolysis or preparative pyrolysis apparatus " ... 

A few routes to new silenes, usually involving flash vacuum pyrolysis at high temperatures, have been reported. Silenes were proposed as the result of the thermal expulsion of trimethylmethoxysilane, or a similar volatile fragment, from the starting material but frequently, proof that the silenes proposed to account for the observed products were in fact formed was not provided.116 119 The other thermal route employed was the retro-Diels-Alder regeneration of a silene from an adduct with an aromatic compound—often a 9,10-anthracene or 1,4-naphthalene adduct or, in some cases, a 1,4-benzene adduct, as illustrated in Eq. (19).120... 

The volatile components from coal pyrolysis are primarily small hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing molecules. By adding H2O and limited O2 and while heating coal, these products incorporate considerable 0 atoms into the volatile products to form alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and acids. However, these products consist of many molecules that... 

Coke and charcoal are highly porous, coke from the holes left behind when the volatile components evaporate, and charcoal remains from the cellular framework of wood fibers. Addition of limited air in pyrolysis produces more volatile products and makes a more porous carbon residue. 

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