Pyrex batch reactors

The catalytic degradation of PS was carried out in a semi-batch reactor where nitrogen is continuously passed with a flow rate of 30 mL/min. A mixture of 3.0 g of PS and 0.3 g of the catalyst was loaded inside a Pyrex vessel of 30 mL and heated at a rate of 30 C/min up to the desired temperature. The distillate from the reactor was collected in a cold trap(-10 °C) over a period of 2 h. The degradation of the plastic gave off gases, liquids and residues. The residue means the carbonaceous compounds remaining in the reactor and deposited on the wall of the reactor. The condensed liquid samples were analyzed by a GC (HP6890) with a capillary column (HP-IMS). 

A Pyrex glass bottle of 50-mL capacity was used as batch reactor. In these flasks 40 mL of water was the total volume. Solar irradiation was simulated by a Hanau Suntest (AMI) lamp. Total radiation measurements were carried out with an YSI corporation power meter. Experiments were performed at room temperature (25°C) reaching up to 32°C during irradiation. 

The photocatalytic experiments were carried out in a slurry-type batch reactor having a Pyrex vessel with dimensions of 7.5 x 6 cm (height x diameter). The Pyrex vessel was surrounded by thermostatic water circulation arrangement to keep the temperature in the range of 30 0.3 C (Fig. 3). Irradiation was carried out using 500 W halogen lamp surrounded with aluminium reflectors to avoid loss of radiation. 

Debono et al. used batch reactor for photocatalytic oxidation of decane at ppb levels [33]. This reactor consisted of a Pyrex glass chamber (total volume 120 dm ) was illuminated by nine PL-L-40 Philips UV lamps. The photocatalyst used for experiments (Ti02-P25) was placed in the lower part of the reactor chamber. It was found that formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and propanal were the main by-products formed in the... 

For the surface modification of silica and carbon black, a radiofrequency (13.56 MHz) electrode-less tumbler plasma reactor at the University of Cincinnati was used. The schematic reactor design is shown in Fig. 5. It consists of a Pyrex cylinder chamber of 40 cm in length and 20 cm in diameter, with a motor-driven shaft at its center, and two vanes running in opposite directions. The reactor is based on a horizontal mixing principle and is capable of treating 350 g per batch. The powdery materials to be coated are placed at the bottom of the chamber. The plasma... 

Kitamori and coworkers reported the use of a Ti02-modified microchannel chip reactor (TMC, Pyrex glass chip, having branched channels 770 pm wide and 3.5 pm deep) for photocatalytic redox-combined synthesis of L-pipecolinic acid from L-lysine (Scheme 4.31) [45], Although both batch and microflow systems gave comparable yield and enantiomeric excess of the product, the conversion rate was significantly higher for the microflow reactor than for the batch system. 

S.Y. Kim et al. [3] PS Batch stirred tank reactor made of pyrex glass. A mixture of 100.0 g PS and 1 g catalyst was loaded inside the reactor 1 Chnoptilohte, HZSM-5, silica-alumina... 

The experiments were carried out in a semi-batch stirred reactor with continuous oxygen feed. The reactor is a one liter Pyrex flask with flattened bottom and baffles which is fitted with five standard 24/40 necks to accomodate the gas inlet, gas vent, sampling tube, and pH electrode. The reactor is immersed in a standard water bath for temperature control. Gas is fed at a flow rate of 3.0 + 0.1 1/min through a rotameter. The solution is stirred at 1620 rpm. 

Maeda et al. examined intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloadditions of 1-cyano-naphthalene derivatives (I) in microchannel reactors [4]. They use microreactors made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and Pyrex glass. With a photolithographic method, channels of 300 pm width, 50 pm depth and 45-202 mm length are fabricated. For the photoreaction (Scheme 16.2), flow rates of 0.03-0.005 mLh are applied and a xenon lamp with a UV-29 Alter (> 290 nm) is used as a light source. The authors report that under the conditions prevailing in the microreactor, higher regioselectivity and efficiency are achieved compared with batch process conditions. 

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