Pyrethrins/pyrethroids

Table 4 Carcinogenicity summary for selected pyrethrins/pyrethroids Chemical (type) Conclusion of evaluation of carcinogenicity...

Synthetic analogs of the pyrethrins, pyrethroids, have been widely produced as insecticides during recent years. The first of these was allethrin (Figure 19.4). Three pyrethroids that are relatively safe and can be used on cereal crops are fluvalinate, zeta-cypermethrin, and deltametrin, structural formulas of which are shown in Figure 19.4.15... 

Davies, T.G., Field, L.M., Usherwood, RN. and Williamson, M.S. (2007) DDT, pyrethrins, pyrethroids and insect sodium channels. lUBMB Life, 59,151-62. 

The pyrethrum daisies Chrysanthemum (=Tanacetum) cinerariifolium and C. cocci neum contain several compounds that kill insect pests on contact. You can purchase this insecticide in several forms The dried flqwer heads are called pyrethtum, while the extmeted active ingredients are called pyrethrin. (Pyrethroids are synthetic versions of the insecticide that are even more toxic to insects.)... 

Piperonyl butoxide is a synergist for carbamates, pyrethrins, pyrethroids, and rotenone. 

Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids, Pages 574-579, David E. Ray SummaryPlus Full Text + Links PDF (100 K)... 

See also Aflatoxin Algae Ammonia Asbestos Benzene Hexachloride, Mixed Isomers Brodifacoum Carbamate Pesticides Carbon Monoxide Castor Bean Copper Coumarins DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) DEET (Diethyltoluamide) Dichlorvos Dieldrin Ethylene Glycol Hydrogen Sulfide Lead Malathion Methane Molybdenum Mushrooms, Coprine Mushrooms, Cyclopeptide Mycotoxins Nitrites Oleander Organochlorine Insecticides Organophosphates Paraquat Parathion Pyrethrins/Pyrethroids Selenium Sodium Strychnine Sulfur Dioxide Thallium Warfarin. 

Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 2800 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 470 mg/kg mod. toxic by ing., skin contact, and IP routes large doses may cause CNS effects (excitation and depression) toxic by skin absorption causing CNS effects experimental reproductive effector Hazardous Decomp. Prods. CO2, CO, NOx Uses Synergist in insecticides to increase insecticidal effect of pyrethrins, pyrethroids (esp. allethrin), and rotenones usually used with piperonyl butoxide stabilizer in repellents for personal use... 

Animals antiparasitic activity classes maximum residue limits mode of action poisonings pyrethrins pyrethroids uses withdrawal/withholding periods... 

Ttie presence of pyrethrins, pyrethroids, or their metabolites confirms exposure, but tissue levels are not well-correlated with the severity of signs or death. 

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