Pulse electron spin resonance

Schwelger A 1991 Pulsed electron spin resonance spectroscopy basic principles, techniques, and examples of applications Angew. Chem. Int. Edn Engl. 30 265-92... 

Schwelger A 1990 New trends in pulsed electron spin resonance methodology Modern Pulsed and... 

Allgeler J, DIsselhorst A, Weber R, Wenckebach W and Schmidt J 1990 High-frequency pulsed electron spin resonance Modern Pulsed and Continuous-Wave Electron Spin Resonance ed L Kevan and M K Bowman (New York Wley) ch 6, pp 267-83... 

The fundamentals and analysis of electron spin echo modulation have been described in some detail (9). Here the essential details will be sumnarized to aid in understanding the structural data to be presented. Electron spin echoes are generated in pulsed electron spin resonance experiments. The most comnon type... 

Yin J-J and Subczynski WK (1996) Effects of lutein and cholesterol on alkyl chain bending in lipid bilayers A pulse electron spin resonance spin labelling study. Biophys J 71 832-839... 

L. Kevan and M. K. Bowman, Modern Pulsed Electron Spin Resonance. Wiley, New York, 1990. 

Jee B, Eisinger K, Gul-E-Noor F et al (2010) Continuous wave and pulsed electron spin resonance spectroscopy of paramagnetic framework cupric ion in the Zn(Il) doped porous coordination polymer Cu3 xZnx(btc)2. J Phys Chem C 114 16630-16639... 

Pulsed Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy Basic Principles, Techniques and Examples of Application by A. Schweiger, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. (1991) 30, 265. 

Sierra GA. 1997. Two-dimensional pulse electron spin resonance methods for spectral resolution enhancement in solids. PhD thesis. No. 12241, ETH Zurich. 

H Okumura, H Itoh, I Nashiyama, S Yamasaki, S Misawa, S Yoshida. Characterization of 3C-SiC epilayers by pulsed electron spin resonance. Mater Sci Eng Bll 31, 1992. 

Effectiveness of a crude oil demulsifier is correlated with the lowering of shear viscosity and dynamic tension gradient of the oil-water interface. Using the pulsed drop technique, the interfacial dilational modulii with different demulsifiers have been measured. The interfacial tension relaxation occurs faster with an effective demulsifier. Electron spin resonance with labeled demulsifiers indicate that the demulsifiers form reverse micelle like clusters in bulk oil. The slow unclustering of the demulsifier at the interface appears to be the rate determining step in the tension relaxation process. 

Double-resonance spectroscopy involves the use of two different sources of radiation. In the context of EPR, these usually are a microwave and a radiowave or (less common) a microwave and another microwave. The two combinations were originally called ENDOR (electron nuclear double resonance) and ELDOR (electron electron double resonance), but the development of many variations on this theme has led to a wide spectrum of derived techniques and associated acronyms, such as ESEEM (electron spin echo envelope modulation), which is a pulsed variant of ENDOR, or DEER (double electron electron spin resonance), which is a pulsed variant of ELDOR. The basic principle involves the saturation (partially or wholly) of an EPR absorption and the subsequent transfer of spin energy to a different absorption by means of the second radiation, leading to the detection of the difference signal. The requirement of saturability implies operation at close to liquid helium, or even lower, temperatures, which, combined with long experimentation times, produces a... 

Gray, H. B. and Malmstrom, B. G. (1989). Biochemistry 28, 7449 Grupp, A. and Mehring, M. (1990). In Modern Pulsed and Continuous Wave Electron Spin Resonance, p. 195. Wiley, New York... 

Pulse radiolysis, using as time-resolved detection methods optical absorption, luminescence, electrical conductivity or electron spin resonance can be expected to give information on the formation of transient or permanent radiation products and on their movement. 

On the basis of results obtained from (in-situ-radiolysis [19]) electron spin resonance [16, 20] and pulse radiolysis with optical and conductance detection [19], a-alkoxyalkyl radicals react in aqueous solution exclusively via addition to give alkoxynitroxyl radicals (cf. Eq. 10). This is in contrast to the reactions of CHaCH OH (see Sect. 2.1.1) and 5,6-dihydropyrimidine-6-methyl-6-yl radicals (see Sect. 2.1.3), where addition and redox products are formed. 

Traditionally, charge transfer mechanisms have been studied by such methods as conductivity, the Hall effect, and thermoelectric effect. Details of these applications may be found in Experimental Methods of Physics, Vol. 6, Pt. b (12), the article on ionic conductivity by Lidiard (70), and in many of the original papers quoted. More recently, techniques such as electron spin resonance (13), dielectric loss and pulsed photoconductivity methods (5—8) have been used to study semiconduction in organic materials. 

Das S, von Sonntag C (1986) Oxidation of trimethylamine by OH radicals in aqueous solution, as studied by pulse radiolysis, ESR and product analysis. The reactions of the alkylamine radical cation, the aminoalkyl radical and the protonated aminoalkyl radical. Z Naturforsch 41b 505-513 Dixon WT, Norman ROC, Buley AL (1964) Electron spin resonance studies of oxidation. Part II. Aliphatic acids and substituted acids. J Chem Soc 3625-3634 Draper HH, Squires EJ, Mahmoodi H, Wu J, Agarwal S, Hadley M (1993) A comparative evaluation of thiobarbituric acid methods for the determination of malondialdehyde in biological materials. Free Rad Biol Med 15 353-363... 

Cadet J, Voituriez L, Berger M, Myers LS Jr (1983) Radiation-induced degradation of purine and pyrimidine 2 -deoxyribonudeosides in agueous KBr solutions. Z Naturforsch 38b 1643-1651 Champagne MH, Mullins MW, Colson A-O, Sevilla MD (1991) Electron spin resonance evidence for intra- and intermolecular oo bonding in methionine radicals relative stabilities of S-CI, S-Br, S-N, and S-S three electron bonds. J Phys Chem 95 6487-6493 Chawla OP, Fessenden RW (1975) Electron spin resonance and pulse radiolysis studies of some reactions of S04. J Phys Chem 79 2693-2700... 

Davies MJ, Gilbert BC (1984) Electron spin resonance studies, part 68. Addition versus overall one-electron abstraction in the oxidation of alkenes and dienes by S04, Cl2, and OH in acidic aqueous solution. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 1809-1815 Deeble DJ, Parsons BJ, Johnson GRA (1990) Reactions of the hydrogen atom with azide, bromide and iodide ions in aqueous solution. Radiat Phys Chem 36 487-491 Eibenberger FI, Steenken S, O Neill P, Schulte-Frohlinde D (1978) Pulse radiolysis and E.S.R. studies concerning the reaction of S04" with alcohols and ethers in aqueous solution. J Phys Chem 82 749-750... 

Behrens G, Bothe E, Koltzenburg G, Schulte-Frohlinde D (1980) Formation and structure of 1,1-di-alkoxyalkene radical cations in aqueous solution. An in situ electron spin resonance and pulse conductivity study. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 883-889... 

---